In this week’s FBA Podcast “Triratna Buddhism,” Vadanya tells the story of Sangharakshita and the new Buddhist Order and movement he founded. He talks about the early days of the FWBO and demonstrates the radical nature of the movement that has now become the Triratna Buddhist Community.
Free Buddhist Audio
Triratna Buddhism
This podcast is brought to you by Free Buddhist Audio, the Dharma for your life. Our work is funded entirely by donations from our generous listeners. If you would like to help us keep this free, make a contribution at freebuddhistaudio.com/donate. Thank you and happy listening. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are going to talk about the best of the world. We are also hearing people's favorite Dharma teachings, favorite suitors, favorite texts. We are looking at the Sangha. We are looking at the historical Sangha. Famous Buddhist of the past and what we can learn from them. We can make them teach us the principle of Sangha and how we can create spiritual community here and now. We will be expanding on this as we go along. We are using that as our favorite Buddha Dharma and Sangha. What are called the free jewels of Buddhism. They are called the free jewels. It is called the free jewels of Buddhism because they are precious. They are valuable. They are pressured. There is something we need to treasure. We need the idea of enlightenment. The idea of the awakened human being. The model and the example of the Buddha. We need the Dharma. It is not much good at having the idea of it. We don't have the depth and instructions to move towards it. Neither of those are much used without the Sangha because we need the support of us to practice. We need the Sangha as a sort of context in which we express. We can manifest more of what we would like to be in line. These are the free jewels because they are completely central to Buddhism. They are completely central to living a meaningful life. So, what is the free jewels of Buddhism? It is not a coincidence that we have chosen these as our framework for the coming year. Just a little while after the Western Buddhist Order changed its name to the Tree Ratman Buddhist Order. The Tree Ratman meaning of course Sanskrit, the three jewels. So, the Tree Ratman refers to the Buddha, the Sangha Tree meaning free. The Ratman meaning children. I often wonder about the children. I wonder whether that is a culture. So, we call ourselves the Tree Ratman a Buddhist Order. The Three Jewels Buddhist Order. The movement that used to be the Friends of the Western Buddhist Order is now the Tree Ratman Buddhist community. The community of the Buddha, the Dharma and the Sangha. So, the community takes its central value, as its central value is the ideal of enlightenment, the teachings that lead to enlightenment and the ideal of spiritual community and spiritual friendship. Those three ideals, that is what the central Rat community is. So, some of us might slightly mourn, including myself, might mourn the loss of the term Western, because Western was a very good description of our approach. If by Western we mean that we are trying to teach and practice a form of Buddhism suited to the contemporary world, which is increasingly based on what we might call Western culture. Western is also a direction on the map, and we can hardly call ourselves Western where about a herd of our order actually is in India. And in terms of people involved, in terms of people like friends and mittress involved, more people involved in India hide by the bottom repeat than in the rest of the world put together. Many in the rest of the world put together. On purely direction grounds, we can hardly call ourselves the Western Buddhist order. But in a funny way, calling ourselves Tree Ratner is getting at something very similar to what calling ourselves Western got at. The name Western sort of pointed to the fact that the three jewels are universal, the Dharma is universal, the Dharma isn't the exclusive products of any one culture or any one school, so that by getting back to the basic principles, the fundamental principles, the root principles of Buddhism, we could practice, we could forge a Buddhism that was suitable for the West because we'd be finding what was universal. So you don't have to go around a yellow robe or a red robe or a black robe or drink tea with rancid yak butter or sit in full lotus position to practice the fundamental universal principles of the Dharma. So the name Western pointed to the fact that we would get about going back to the roots, the root of Buddhism, the universal truth of Buddhism. And the main tree ratner gets at the same thing because the three jewels symbolize the fundamental roots of Buddhism from which all grew, the roots from which everything else grew, the universal truths, they're the universal symbols shared by all Buddhists from different schools, different cultures that are applicable and powerful in any culture in any age. So it's getting the same thing. So that's why we call the tree ratner Buddhist order and the tree ratner Buddhist community. We're seeking to get behind the cultural and historical differences that divide terabaga Buddhism from Southeast Asia, from Tibetan Buddhism that divide the four school main schools of Tibetan Buddhism from each other and from Chinese Buddhism and from Japanese Buddhism and in Japan divide Zen from Pure Land, from Shin Gong, from Tendai etc. etc. etc. We're trying to get what's behind, reach behind, what's behind all those. What's behind all of those is the universal principles of awakening, a way to awakening as spiritual community. So the three jewels. So we're asking ourselves, we've sort of engaged in this project of asking ourselves what would awakening really look like and feel like and sound like to us now? What's the Buddha for us? What were the universal truths of the Buddha talk, that are applicable all the time, everywhere? How can we make the path he's shown us work for us here and now? And how can we build a real spiritual community in the midst of this society here and now? Not another one two and a half thousand years ago, this one right here and now. How can we make the three jewels real here and now? That's what we're about, and that's why we're going to tree that now, the three jewels Buddhist order and the three jewels Buddhist community, tree that nobody's community. And the title of tonight's talk, it sort of follows up on that link and the link between the name of our spiritual community and the three jewels of Buddhism. So I gather the title of tonight's talk is "Builders the Tree Ratless Story". So I'm going to tell you the tree ratless story. And I think Vajraya Gupta, we actually asked Vajraya Gupta to come from Birmingham and do his own, his book edition called "The Tree Ratless Story", but he's not here, so you have to make doing it. So, what is the tree ratless story and how does it link to our theme, the three jewels Buddha, Dharma and Sanga? Well, for starting legs with the fact that the tree ratless story starts with the Buddha. It starts two and a half thousand years with the Buddha, and the Buddha was a radical. He was a wild man. He lived in a society where there was lots of religion, lots of concern for religion and spirituality, but he wanted to get to the root of what it was all about, and that is what radical means. It comes from the Latin, I think radics, meaning root. So a radical is someone who wants to cut away all the accrusions to get to the truth, to get to the root of things, the real truth, the underlying truth. So the Buddha was a radical. He was asking, forget about all this traditional religions. What are the universal principles? Let's get away from all the theorizing and all the philosophizing and all the speculation and all the metaphysical structures about this and that. And let's get back to what is the reality we live in that is right in front of our nose. What here and now, what is that reality like? How can we wake up for that reality? How can we escape from all the suffering we experience when we refuse to relate to reality as it really is? How can we wake up? How can we see with naked, brilliant awareness right down to the way things really are? So he was a radical. He was a wild man. He lived in the woods. He encourages more hard core followers to completely drop out of society. Completely drop their socially constructed ideas of themselves. To completely drop conventional social values, the conventional social values of his time in order to break through to the truth. They lived a lot of the time in the forests and they ruled from place to place. They slept on the trees. They gave up their old likes and dislikes. So they begged for their food and they ate whatever they were given. They left their old social class, their caste, their status, their clan. Completely behind becoming a nobody in social terms. One epithet for the Buddha was the man of naught. Can't remember the pie. The man of naught, the man of nothing. The man who is naught for nobody. The Buddha's Dharma was a teaching for people who wanted to be radical and they were willing to take big risks in order to live more meaning for him. You were willing to be a nobody. And his sandals are sand radicals of outsiders who looked really scruffy and lived under trees. They were anything but respectable. So the Buddha was a wild man, a radical. And the tree radical story starts with him. It starts with him and his teaching, which was a radical teaching, a radical path to the truth. And it starts with his Sanga, a Sanga of outsiders of radicals. And then the story continues. The tree radical story continues with Sanga Rachita, the founder of our order. And Sanga Rachita was, is also a wild man. He's also a radical. He's also an outsider. So after the Second World War, he was drafted to India in the British Army. After the Second World War, he deserted an illegal risky act. Not the act of somebody who's concerned about this. He deserted from the British Army and begged and bumped his way around India. Sleeping where he could, walking from place to place. A brave and, dare I say, perhaps even foolish thing to do if it were being to India. A radical thing to do. But he was looking for the truth and he was willing to take some risks to find it. He wanted a life that embodied the truth. So Sanga Rachita had decided in his myth that he was a Buddhist and always had been a Buddhist. So it's not surprising, after wandering around in India for a while, meditating in caves, meditating wherever he could find, sleeping wherever he could find. He sought ordination as a Buddhist monk. So he sought ordination as a Buddhist monk into the Terravartan tradition of South East Asia. Mainly because that was just about the only Buddhist tradition that we really come across. So that's what he did. He sought ordination into the Terravartan tradition. So this is Sanga Rachita being on his ordination. And his main Terravartan teacher, his main Terravartan teacher was this very scholarly and knowledgeable figure of Jagdish Kashap. So, in keeping with the sort of radical first and years, Sanga Rachita decided after a while that in order to get really beyond his personal egocentric likes and dislikes, what he should do is tell Jagdish Kashap that he was going to completely forego his own personal world and do whatever he told him to do. I suspect Jagdish Kashap found this a bit of a pain. And this chap said, "Well, I don't know. I'm not going to say anything. You tell me what to do. I'll just do whatever you tell me." So, after a while, Jagdish Kashap told him there hadn't been Kalim Pong in the foothills of the Himalayas. And Jagdish Kashap said to him, "Stay here and work for the Dharma. Stay here and work." So he did. He stayed there and worked for the Dharma. I don't know if Jagdish Kashap was clear void. Or when this is just an example of the apple, Rachist good luck that seems to have followed somebody's sword over the tree right now, but it started ever since it started. The outrageous providence that seems to happen when people really put themselves into bringing something new into existence. But Jagdish Kashap saying that had, I mean, had an incredible effect. It's because he said that that we're here in this wood center. It's because he said, "Stay here and Kalim Pong and work for the Dharma that I can be standing here and talking to you." Because what happened is that while Sangha Rachita was staying in Kalim Pong, working for the Dharma, the Chinese invented Tibet. And an awful lot of the most important Tibetan armies of the 20th century fled from Tibet into India. And many of them settled not million miles from Kalim Pong, near Kalim Pong or in Kalim Pong. And Sangha Rachita got to know them. He was ordained into the Torah on traditional Southeast Asia. But he had as his teachers some of the most important influential and just cheerily remarkable Tibetan figures of the 20th century. So he had this very, very wide experience of Buddhism. This is him with the Dalai Lama. I think the Dalai Lama was at his teaching. But he became a very big figure in Indian Buddhism, in Buddhism in India. So he had some of the most remarkable figures from Tibetan Buddhism as his teachers and indeed as his friends in some cases. And he also had contact with the Chinese, I suppose the best way to subvert it, who also was very well versed in Chinese Buddhism. And so Sangha Rachita had this experience of being exposed to just about all of the main strands of Buddhism that are active in the world today. I'm getting a really wide experience of Buddhism from lots and lots of different points of view. And he said he was put in a position where he could take an overview, where he could begin to see down to the very roots of what it was all about. It wasn't about what was in one tradition and not in another. But he could start to see, well, what was good about them, what's good about them all, what's good about this one, what's good about that one. And maybe he sometimes what's not so good as well. He could start to see the fundamentals that underlie all of them. He developed a vision of the Dharma that transcended any of the traditional schools, went beyond the cultural accretions, the historical accretions, a vision of the Dharma as universal truth that could be applied in West or anywhere, in any age. So the tree rattons, or it starts with a Buddha, one radical, and it moves on to Sagarashta, another radical. And then came the '60s, radical era. So the '60s was a time when a lot of the old certainties were blown away. And a very vibrant alternative culture arose. A counterculture that involves a lot of the brightest young people and was imbued with a lot of idealism about changing the world. It was also imbued with a lot of drugs, which didn't help. And a lot of silliness and a certain amount of self-deception, it has to be admitted. But it was there, the counterculture was there. So in the '60s there was a terrific amount of interest in Buddhism in the West, in the UK. And this interest took two forms. It had a respectable form, and it had a counterculture form. So terror hard of Buddhism had had a respectable intellectual following for a long, long time. As soon as it was almost as soon as, in the 19th century, it was discovered. It was scholars latched onto it as a sort of rationalistic, humanistic ethics, very often, ignoring all the mythic and the transcendental elements. And then more recently, there had been a lot of sort of intellectual interest in Japanese Zen. But just about all this respectable interest was purely intellectual. It was purely intellectual level. Sanger Ashley described it as witty words among the teacups. The people involved rarely meditated. And the last thing they wanted was for Buddhism to change their lives in any significant way. The head of the London Buddhist Society at the time was Christmas Humphreys. And Christmas Humphreys thought that meditation was unsuitable for Westerners. It was dangerous for Westerners to know that she did it. He was a high court judge. We still had hanging in those days. And he condemned people to death while being head of the Buddhist Society. He took delight in serving Sanger Ashley roast beef for supper. He used to like it and take the Mickey M for not wanting to eat it. This was Buddhism as a rather polite, rather intellectual hobby. So a leading British Buddhist at the time told Sanger Ashley that the most important thing was to make Buddhism respectable. That's what it was all about. We have to make Buddhism respectable with which he did not agree. Sanger Ashley's view is much more that as soon as Buddhism becomes respectable, it has completely lost it. It's transformed into the Church of England. If it's socially acceptable, it can't be liberating anymore. It's going to reflect social values. So we had respectable Buddhism. And we had counter-cultural Buddhism. This came through the beat poets like Alan Ginsburg. And writers like Jack Kerouac and the Dharma bums, it was part of the beat movement, if you like. And it flowered within the drug culture of the hippie movement. There was lots of supposedly Zen Buddhists who thought smoking dope and taking LSD was meditation. And who wouldn't have survived ten minutes in the highly disciplined environment in Zen Muslim. But at least there was some life there. At least there was some risk, some willingness to take risks to find the truth. Some willingness to step outside the bounds of respectable society. To let the socially constructed self proper ways, the Buddhahood artists promised to do. To let go and break out the socially constructed values. To take some risks, to change one's life. These at least were people who thought you should express your values through the way you live. You must consign them to a corner and make them a hobby. While you lived exactly the same way as people who had absolutely no spiritual values at all. Which was more the take of respectable Buddhism. So at this time in the 60s with all this interest in Buddhism in the West. Respectable on the one hand, counter-cultural on the other hand, Sangrajta, as the most senior British Buddhist monk in the world at the time, the most longstanding British Buddhist monk in the world, was invited by the Habstid Buddhist Bihara to return to England to teach the Dharma. So he did, he went and he took up residence in the Habstid Buddhist Bihara. Here is the Habstid Bihara, here is Sangrajta in the Habstid Buddhist Bihara. This is the Buddhism he came home to. And this is the Buddhism he founded. He decided that people who was really worth teaching and forming a Sangrajta with were the counter-cultural Buddhists. The radicals and the outsiders. There was an incredible sense of freedom at the time. A sense of old ways were falling away and new possibilities were opening up. There was a lot of idealism about changing the world. And Buddhism was part of all this and Sangrajta threw himself into that milieu. Home is this. He had been taking LSD which he described as spiritual baby food. Suitable only was spiritual. It wasn't long before he was chucked out of the Habstid Buddhist Bihara. With the whole respectable Buddhist establishment in the UK, tutting at him. So he was a bit of a tuttable figure. So some of the Buddhist establishment is still tutting. But actually I think it is hugely to Sangrajta's credit that he was chucked out as I have somebody's behind. So I think the Buddha might have felt a bit like some of the energy that comes off of this. Something of this picture can raise a certain edge and energy. I think I'm really safe in saying that if the Buddha, if he had been transported to England in the 1960s, he would not have been acceptable to perhaps the Buddhist Bihara. Or to the London Buddhist society. He would have been far too radical and far too dangerous and not at all respectable enough. I think the domain taught Buddha, if he had been transported back to England in the 1960s, would not have been the intellectual witty words among the tea cups that was banded around in the Buddhist society. It would not have been the same as any of the traditional schools. And it would have asked for a lot more radicalism and risk-taking than the folk of the Habstid Buddhist Bihara were used to. And I think the Sangha the Buddha would have found it, if he had been transported back to Britain in the 1960s, would not have been the respectable, conventional and safe world of the Buddhist society. It would have been made up of people who are willing to be outsiders, willing to tap outside a convention, people willing to take some risks to live a meaningful life. I am pretty sure the Buddha, that radical wild man, would have started his Sangha among the counter-cultural Buddhists, not among the respectable Buddhists. And that is what Sandra Ashton did. He left the Buddhist society and Habstid Buddhist Bihara to their tut-tutting, and he started a completely new movement from the bottom up. Obviously this was a bit of an experiment, but a horrific experiment. He was trying to find ways that the fundamental truths of practices of Buddhism could be practiced in a whole-hearted way in this new alien environment, this new alien society. And in the sort of heady days of the 60s, he quite quickly found some quite remarkable people who were willing to throw in their lot with him to put their energy behind what he was doing. So with no backing from any institution, this new movement started small, it started tiny, and it was strictly a DIY effort. It was a do-it-yourself effort from the bottom up, fueled by radical enthusiasm. So this is the first F.W.B.O. centre, I believe, in archway in London. And anyone who is chucking the captain, it's rather fetching the captain. See you. No. [laughter] I do have to apologise for the way we dressed. [laughter] So this young hippie, looking rather floppy, has had a bigger effect on more people, than many people who are much more famous, this is Lokamitra. Lokamitra, who, early on, went onto India, went to India to carry on Samarachita's work in India and started while he was in India, among the Dalit community, who became the main driving force behind establishing the Tri-Rata community in India, which now involves huge numbers of people, large numbers of different social projects, large numbers of several retreat centres, centres, a whole social movement, fueled by the dark, fueled by people, taking their own lives, their own destinies, very much in their own hands on Dalit principles. And this chapter in the captain, he did that. He transformed lives of many of the most oppressed and socially deprived people in the world. And that, in a way, I think there's something about that picture of what happened, sums up something about the Western, about the Tri-Rata-Buddhiston, sorry, sums up something about the Tri-Rata-Buddhiston, from very small beginnings. There's a hole in the wall with friends, friends of the Western-Buddhiston, from very small beginnings, like this little centre in archway. It's grown into something much larger and more worldwide, through the commitment of some rather unlikely looking people, like this young hippie who has transformed the lives of so many, like some of the people you know. Cute. So, who have we got gear? So, you know what this is? Sagarachta. Do you know who this is? It's Alan Ginsburg, the beat poet. Do you know who this is? It's so good. Do you know who this is? It's quite interesting. It's a lot of fishy. It's a lot of fishy here. So, that's quite interesting. It's Alan Ginsburg in a way that presents the previous generation of radicals. That was sort of being continued. Next one. Oh, this is just people. We seem to have red places. I don't know. That's very well. Do you want to know who that is? Pine hairstyle. I like beans. You like the beans? Tejananda. Tejananda, anyone who knows Spadroloka, that's Tejananda. Yeah, yeah, it was the 60s or something. It was the 70s. It was the 70s. It was the 90s. It was the 90s. So, you've forgotten there. I think these issues. That's about the ledger again. And I'm not a fetching sort of work. Any ideas? Not a bony. We haven't had a drinking tape. We haven't had a drinking tape. We haven't had a drinking tape, can't we? Yeah. We've got here. We've got another bony again. Oh, that's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's not the bony again. That's not the bony again. That's not the bony again. That's not the bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. That's part of a bony again. All of those smartly crew that you've been looking at there have done. Some people have given their lives to it. Some people have given up just a lot of their lives to it. A lot of time and energy to it. But in a sense, you know, it's up to some of you long as well. If you want to make it happen, it's up to us, especially the younger people, to keep that going and to keep that spirit of radicalism going and not just settle down and let it become the Church Kingdom. We hope you enjoyed this week's podcast. Please help us keep this free. Make a contribution at freebutus.io.com/donate. And thank you. [MUSIC] [MUSIC]