Measuring a qubit collapses its state to a single outcome, such as |0⟩ or |1⟩, with probabilities determined by the qubit's initial state12. This collapse means the qubit is no longer in a superposition2. The probability of obtaining a specific outcome is calculated by taking the norm-square of the corresponding amplitude in the qubit's state34. The document further explains that qubits can be measured using different sets of measurement outcomes, called bases, which influence the possible outcomes and their probabilities56. The Bloch sphere provides a way to visualize a qubit's state as a point on its surface

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23 Sep 2024