The mishna discussed the scneario of using wool shearings to insulate a pot where the wool is muktzeh and one has to shake off the shearings to access the food. According to rava, this is only if one didn’t designate the shearings for insulation, but if they were designated, they are no longer muktzeh. Without designation, however, they are very much muktzeh even thigh they have been used now for insulation. Acc to ravina, is someone used regular wool shearings for insulation they become non muktzeh naturally by being used for insulation. The mishnas case is only by wool shearings of a warehouse that will clearly be returned to the shelves, and only in that case are the shearings muktzeh.

Hardened branches that were harvested for firewood are muktzeh. If someone wants to use them as makeshift chairs on Shabbos they need to designate them before Shabbos. There’s 3 opinions for how to designate. Either simply using it as a chair on Friday, by mentally designating it permanently as a chair, or by fixing the branches as a chair, like tying some together.

Dirt is muktzeh but someone can designate dirt before Shabbos for usage in the home. In this scneario, everyone agrees that mental designation suffices because there is no action to “fix” the dirt for usage.

One is allowed to wear a bandage on Shabbos in the street if it is functioning properly. If not, it is forbidden and is carrying, unless one wore it that way on Friday.

One of the 39 Melochos is ממחק- smoothing down. One can’t shine a soft metal like silver on Shabbos with materials that will inevitably smooth down the metal. Sand is acceptable acc to r Yehuda if it won’t smooth down and acc to r shimon if it’s even possible that it won’t smooth it.

A Nazir who can’t cut hair is allowed to use sand to wash hair acc to r shimon bc דבר שאינו מתכון מותר. On Shabbos as well r shimon would allow and not be concerned for hair becoming detached. But r Yehuda would not allow

Certain rabbis held that men cannot wash their hair will certain shampoos bc it’s feminine activity and לא תלבש בגד אשה. Others felt it was כבוד הקב״ה to do so.

One is allowed to pull out a turnip by its exposed leaves soil on Shabbos and it’s not a problem of moving soil bc it’s indirect movement.