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World's Strangest Crimes Chapter 25 - Digging Up The Past

Broadcast on:
18 Sep 2024
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I have covered this one on History Homos in more detail in an episode I did with William, you can find it on my feed or their feed. So I thought as a way of advertising the Patreon this might be a good one as it gives a little more colour to the episode I did about The Piltdown Man in the past.

 

You can find me on Patreon here - www.Patreon.com/WorldAroundEwe

So this episode there is from the Patreon, I put it on Patreon last week so that means that today by time you're seeing this one on here this should be a new one of these on Patreon today when you're hearing this on Spotify hopefully that makes sense, obviously it's Spotify or Apple wherever you're listening to this so hopefully there should be a couple of adverts breaking this up. Now if you don't want adverts breaking this up, go and listen to it on Patreon, you can find it on there, you have to sign up as a free member of the very least for this episode and then you should, if you sign up as a free member to be Patreon you should actually now get a discount for your first month on Patreon, they've added that which I think is a mint feature so you can try it out for even less than three pound a month, you can get access to everything, I don't know what discount it will give you, it seems to be somewhat automated when I look into that but yeah there's loads on there, this is chapter 25, it's about the pilt down man, I thought because we've already covered this with history hormones with William, I thought maybe it'd be nice to add a little bit more colour to it by reading from a book which is kind of good, kind of interesting, also in part as in places, kind of shit. Next week's episode, as in this week as you're listening to this on the day, it goes out if you are, which maybe some of you are hopefully, it seems next one seems to be about Nazis so if you're into a bit of that, come on over, otherwise just enjoy this one, don't forget to leave a comment on this, maybe share it, leave a like, leave a five star rating on here as well, maybe if you feel like if you're feeling very generous, whenever you go out the house, leave me podcasts to play on your device while you're out, if you've got a tablet or a spare phone because you're cheating on your message or you're partnering or whatever, play this, I'm not going to tell them, I mean obviously then they make it a lot easier for them to find your phone, maybe not if you're cheating, but maybe you've got a spare device, it would be nice if you did that, it gets the views on that up on these, because it's really hard to advertise a podcast, no one wants to listen to it, no matter how many people come into live streams and say I enjoyed that, that was very funny, I really enjoyed it, don't matter, no one believes them, so yeah, I'm glad you're listening, hope you enjoy this, if you do, join the Patreon where there's about 300 extra episodes that you can't hear anywhere else, anyway, there's the chapter about the Pilt Down Man from World Strangers Crimes, chapter 25, alright, so we're on chapter 25, this one's got a picture of a skull with an hole in it, a pickaxe which is almost the same size of the skull, and what looks like a little, a little thin shovel, a little thin spade stuck in the ground, it's called The Mystery of the Missing Link, and just off the name of that, I'm imagining that this is about the Pilt Down Man, I don't know that for certain, but we did cover the Pilt Down Man, me and William from History's Homos, so to those of you on Patreon, this is going out free on Patreon as well, it's also going out on Spotify and that, I may put it out on Spotify in a few days, I'm also live on YouTube and TikTok recording, so if you want to watch the video version of this, go over to the YouTube, but it won't sound as good as this, so you may have to be clever and try and fix it and time them together, maybe, don't know, but let's uh, little swing of water and then we'll get into this one, so obviously the Pilt Down Man is a pretty cool story, just a con man, essentially. Not all crimes are a type that break a clearly defined law and therefore invoke the attention of the police and the judiciary, they may involve dishonesty and even fraud but without any finance or motive, it is more usual to think of such misdemeanors in terms of scandal, particularly when they question the integrity of somebody of standing in society or of eminence in the arts and sciences, see this is what we like to go in, right out on science, they're like science, load this shit, bollocks mate, bollocks to you, what you're on about here, it was a scandal at this kind which blew like a tornado through the reputation of Charles Dawson, solicitor and amateur archaeologist, nearly half a century after his death, for Dawson was the discoverer, discoverer doesn't sound right, doesn't it, but Dawson was the discoverer of the Pilt Down Man, who, after some 40 years of respectability in scientific circles, turned out to be a crocker shit, Dawson lived in Luz, Sussex, as a man, England, as a man of law, he was a respected member of the community and his obby was archaeology conferred on him an intellectual cache, no idea what that means, I've got no idea at all what that means, conferred on him an intellectual cache, maybe it means, you know, our cousin is into digging up bones, but is this the thing with archaeology though, because we've been shown that archaeology to a degree is a load of shine, because a lot of people just make up fake dinosaurs and make fake dinosaur bones and then say, look at this, I've found another, and as long as all the science makes sense, and they've got to go along with it, and if the scientists have to go, oh, yes, yes, yes, this dinosaur is real, yes, I confirm it's real, yes, because I hope to raise the funds to be able to get a factory in the collaging province to make me one as well, and if that doesn't make sense, he should listen to my our dinosaurs real episode, but he was, um, were we able to, ah, and it's just odd anyway, because you could just, man, you could just get a fucking turkey at Christmas, the frozen turkey, shove it in the ground, come back to it a few years later, dig you up and go, Jesus, look at these turkey bones here, the must have used to be wild turkeys here, back in the day, do you know what I mean, nonsense, load of shit, er, where are we up to, he was a very active archaeologist, indeed, paleontologist, and spent his spare time roaming the countryside in search of prehistoric flints and fossils with, and with much success, see, that's, that's dodgy as well I think, if an archaeologist or a paleontologist has loads of success, because that's, there's a big element of looking into archaeology, the, obviously, you could do a bit of research, you could be like, look, it looks like, at some point in history, there's a battle in this area here, and you could probably circle it on a map, but if you can pin that down to the exact field, you're a dodgy bastard, you've done something here to know that this has happened, you've either got access to some form of time apparatus, be it a crystal ball of a time machine, or some form of window that you can use to look and be like, this is fucking ropey here, let's look, watch these lads fight, oh, you're hiding the stuff, I'll just buying it and claiming you found it there, it's just not, I just don't understand how you can be a successful archaeologist, you can be a lucky archaeologist, but his collection included many unusual specimens, even relics of a dinosaur and bones of a new unclassified prehistoric animal, which was duly named after him, it was, he was called, what was his name, Dawson, Charles, they named it Charles, that's terrible, the unclassified prehistoric animal, which was duly named after him, Charles, he was well known at the British Museum, where he used to send many of his finds from inspection and identification, for his undefertigable enthusiasm, didn't get tired, he was regarded as quite an expert in his own right, in 1908 at the age of 44, Dawson was the steward of Barker, Manner at Piltdown and Sussex, a nearby gravel pit close to Kip Piltdown Common, particularly interested in him because of the unusual colour and nature of the gravel, almost like someone had put it there, but this, in 1908, is at least 50 years before the invention of being cute, he did some digging in the pit himself, and asked the estate workman to bring to him any curious pieces of bone or gravel he happened to find when working in the pit, they'd never do that now, if you'd asked some workman digging up a road or whatever, if you find any bones in there and anything suspicious or weird, let me see it, they'd probably report you, because they think you've hidden a body, or they'll find that bit of dinosaur and they'll be like fucking fill that in right now with tarmac, otherwise we all lose our fucking jobs, if people think there's a dinosaur here at a mammoth or a woolly rhinoceros hidden here under a fucking, you know, the A37 or whatever, the B5743276, we're not getting paid, they'll get the archaeologist in, they'll get the scientist in, and we'll be fucked, we'll be out of a job, we'll be out of our houses, you know, because I imagine a lot of them sort of workers are on the, you know what I mean, I imagine, I just doesn't, you know, because I imagine they've got a lot of spare disposable incomes, or if you have a lot of disposable income, you probably will be on the, you know, it just makes sense, don't it? During the next few years they found a great deal, Dawson took a series of more than 20 specimens of flint bones and teeth to the British Museum, so impressed with the museum authorities that one of their senior paleontologists personally took part in digging to the pilt downside, now what you've got to remember in 1908, dinosaurs had only existed for about 40 years, I think it is, was it 1863, we came up with dinosaurs, it was around then, so it was pretty big stuff still, it'd be like, what like computers are now, computers were invented, you know, like 30, 40 years ago the household computer became more of a possibility, but whereas now it's more ubiquitous, like now at this point in time, in 1908, dinosaurs, everyone knows about dinosaurs, but we are just about to decide, we're not interested in dinosaurs, and over the next sort of 10, 15 years, we are going to all start a blitzing aid to each other with mortar fire in French fields, so just to bear that in mind. Among these finds were the fragments of a very old skull pieces of a fossilized cranium and an ape-like section of jaw bones, so these workers right, they go over that gravel, oh, if you find anything interested in there, if you found out interesting yet, no, if you found anything yet, no, if you found anything yet, no, if you found anything today, no, if you found anything in there, no, and eventually they do find something, I'd be very suspicious of the fella that keeps coming up to me, go, you found anything in there, you go, no, no, no, all right, all right, all right, it comes in as the next day, you found anything in there, it's just fucking suspicious, isn't it, like that fella who used to work at the school, who got involved with them two little girls that had gone missing, I can't remember the name of the girls or of the guy, they were in football shirts in the paper, years ago, it's a bit similar to how it seems, and the ape-like section of jaw bone complete with teeth, but with the molters worn flat, in addition there were animal fossils dating back half a million years to the early ice age, as all the finds were roughly in the same time of the gravel pit, it was logical to assume that they had approximately the same point of origin in time, the piece of jaw and the small fragments of skull on close examination appeared to be more human than simian, the flattened molars were undeniably characteristic of the swinging motion of the human jaw as compared with the less flexible animal jaw, see this has been written for those of you that don't listen to this on page real normally, the guy that wrote this book is, we assume, big into the drink, because usually by the second page of a chapter the words are all over the place, but this is actually, this is actually nicely written, the remains were scrutinised by experts who decided that the skull fragments, neither fully simian nor fully human, were probably relics of a pilt-down man, that is a fucking mint name as well for a terrible superhero, isn't it, it's the pilt-down man, then it's just some fella in a bit of tweed, it had been a prehistoric ancestor of almost sapiens today, was almost certainly half a million years old and could well be the missing link between monkey and man, the pilt-down man was a scientific discovery of major importance and he took his place alongside the Neanderthal man, the Haedelberg man, he's the one that was the found knocking on the coffin, and the Peking man who was just looking around the corner, they never saw him until then, one of the honourable ancestors of mankind and it's several forms as we know it today, there were of course skeptics and critics, but on the whole the pilt-down man was accepted and respected as a tangible missing link and proof for the Darwinian theory of evolution, which I don't know if what we believe over here about that, but you know, it's not that I'm a religious man, I just think it seems a bit, I don't really trust anybody that claims to have figured out anything like that, you know, and then we claim it all on one guy, just again suspicious to him, it alarm bells, you know what I mean, it's a reputation to survive virtually untarnished for 40 years, plus the cast of the juror and the school fragments were sent to museums all over the world to be put on display in glass cases, dead as he was, the pilt-down man outlived the discovery by many years, for Charles Dawson died in 1916 at the age of 52, the pilt-down man had several decades of vicarious life ahead of him in academic minds before he was finally destroyed, with a reputed age of about half a million years old, the pilt-down man was virtually the father of all human beings, perhaps mother, the sex was never determined, there were no relics which predated him, it would be, wouldn't it if men and women had different teeth, if you're just like, oh yeah, she's like, like, say, because I'm a man here, so, like, my front teeth there, you've got like our men have flat-eyed teeth, all women's, all women's teeth, phillipseds, do you know what I mean, like, that sort of thing, there were no relics which predated him and therefore, he was unique, in honour of the man who discovered him he was given the Latin name of Eonthropus Dawson Eye, which Eonthropus must be Latin for Charles, he had arrived and was presumably able to stay, but in learned anthropological circles arguments and controversially continued behind the scenes, gibberish, just, there we go, he's, he's part of this first one, the pilt-down man might have passed into history and become a basic ingredient of education, like the battle of Hastings and the French Revolution, had it not been for the inex honourable progress of science, particularly he started with the dashes, this is where you can tell he started drinking as well because he just finishes loads of the lines with dashes and words and just all go on to the next line, where we will see, particularly in the fields of chemical analysis and spectrography and the measurement techniques used in x-rays and radioactivity, the measurement of the concentration of radioactive stromonium strontium 90 in bones, for example, a lot of commas there, Jesus, the measurement of the concentration of radioactive strontium 90 in bones, for example, excuse me, after the second world war the attention of the scientific world was drawn once more to the relics of the pilt-down man, when in 1950, Dr Kenneth Oakley, a British museum geologist, used a new system of chemical dating by measuring the amounts of fluorine in the bones, again a lot of commas, buried bones absorbed fluorine from the soil, no longer they have been in the ground, no longer they have been in the ground, the more fluorine they can say, but what, buried bones absorbed fluorine from the soil, no longer they have been in the ground, the more fluorine they contain, it's just, it's just like he's trying to cast spells now, if the process is very slow and therefore the time scale is long, if the pilt-down bones were really 500,000 years old then they would have shown an appreciable fluorine content, but in fact they didn't, Dr Oakley's careful test revealed that the pilt-down remains could not possibly be half a million years old and was certainly no more than 50,000 years old, which is still pretty old and I would argue still comes under the realms of archaeology and paleontology, and this is where you've got to go through science though, this is where the scientist is doing, you know, I'm going to fuck over this scientist, there's not enough of that now in science, a lot of scientists are just like, I'm going to let go, this guy here says gravity exists back then, so where are we going to go with gravity is a thing that pulls us down, if one scientist came along with it, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, gravity is actually the moon pushing us down onto the earth, keeping us there like an invisible hand, the invisible hand that guides us, that's where that saying comes from, and we'd all be like, ah, you're full of shit, and that's nonsense and all the other scientists, but I don't listen to him, because if you listen to him, we're all out of jobs, we're all idiots, we're no longer scientists, this guy didn't give a shit, he was like, I'm going to fucking ruin this guy's reputation, it's pretty cool, he had not at this stage tested the jawbone, but had assumed that it had come from the same point in times the fragments of cranium and certain other genuine fossils, this discovery put paid to the missing link theory that Ianthropus Dawson, I, the Pilt-down man, otherwise known as Charles Dawson, I, represented the evolutionary stage of development between monkey and man, the missing link half a million years old was feasible, but it made 50,000 years, was far too recent for such a pronounced evolutionary change to have taken place, unless of course you've read something like Michael Talinger's books or, you know, any sort of book that pushes the idea that we're nowhere near as old as what we are, I'm not actually that far in that Michael Talinger book, whoever sent me that off my Amazon wishlist though, thank you, it's very kind of, I have started it, I'm on my way through it now, the debunking of the Pilt-down man now began in earnest, the next step was conducted by Dr. J.S. Wiener, hell of a name, an anthropologist at Oxford University, when with the aid of Dr. Oakley himself, so Oakley and Wiener, wooden, wooden penis, and the colleague, Professor Wilfred LeGrow Kilark, that's an horrible name, they have to keep you there, that doesn't keep coming up, all three men were experts and they set out to analyze certain points of detail which seemed inconsistent with the missing link theory. Wiener, for instance, was puzzled by the flat top tea to setting the undoubtedly ape-like jaw, while the flat molars were more characteristic of the human, they were in flat, they were flat in an odd way, that was me, sorry, and the edges of the flat area were sharper than one would expect, he carried out meticulous tests on the jaw bone and safe, using the upmost up-to-date, the upmost up-to-date electronic equipment available at the time, didn't need that extra up in there, as a result a series of harsh facts came to light. In the first place, microscopic scratches on the flat tops of the molar suggested that they'd been filed down, and chemical analysis showed that the filed surface had been stained with a brown oil paint, but the next discovery was even more sensation, I should start doing this with jaws out of rats, to start scratching at him with a file, and then I could fucking, you know, paint them with a bit of tea, like you do with your own work when you're a kid in school and you've got to make it a little letter look old, I don't know how the tea she's ever felt for that, you know, being like, "Ah yeah, this letter looks thousands of years old because I've stained it with a bag of tea." I reckon that was just a way for the teachers to test those, so they could then be like, "Right, I like PG tips," so then what they'd do is they'd put a little drop of water on the piece of paper with the tea, give it a little, like that a little, with the tongue, give it a taste like, and that's a Tetley's app, you're not getting any idea that it'd be, won't want to come around your graph for a blue, do you know what I mean? Then the ones that drink pear, which drink PG, he's like, "Ah, I'm going to be nice to this kid, I want to get on with the parents, so if they haven't invited me around for a blue, I'm going to enjoy it." It's just a, you know, just spitball and, you know, where were we? But the next discovery was even more sensational, the jawbone itself, including the teeth, wasn't even 50,000 years old, it was contemporary. Chemical and radioactivity test demonstrated beyond all doubt that it was part of the jaw of a modern ape, an orang-hutang, it was thought, "That's a minute way to spell that, they've spelt this o-rang-outang with a dash," it was thought, which had been cleverly doctored by chemical staining to resemble a genuine fossil. The three scientists then turned their attention to the other remains found in the gravel in the pill-down pit. I've started reading this, like a news reader, and I do apologise. Some of the items, including fragments of cranial bone, were genuine enough and about 50,000 years old, but the remainder, including all of the principal specimens, were fakes. Their pieces of modern bone, discoloured by chemical stains, in particular, by chromated iron. The pill-down man was undoubtedly an outrageous fraud. That was, by far, one of the funnish paragraphs ever to read, purely for the grammar and having no idea what that next word was going to be. That was mean. The cat was out at a bag, even though, unsure in the last paragraph, it said it was an orang-hutang. He did. The cat was out at a bag with a vengeance, but Dawson himself was above suspicion. It had been dead for ages, and his reputation was such that one did not indeed dare not question his integrity. The culprit, obviously, lay elsewhere. It was known that Dawson used to pay the estate workmen for any flintons and fossils they danded over to him, and the amount paid would vary with the apparent age and importance of the specimen. Consequently, there was an obvious temptation for the Whitman workmen to "salt" the gravel, with faked fossils. In particular, specimens which would appear to have prehistoric significance, and would therefore earn a much, much bigger fee. It was assumed that these fossils, which had been shown to be genuinely 50,000 years old, were true, pilt down fines, but they were very much in a minority, while the remainder consisted of mainly stained contemporary bones, including the... So the remainder is mainly. Including the ape's jawbone with the filed teeth, had been put in the gravel as a hoax off-road to extract money out of the poor old gullible, Charles Dawson, or in Latin, Easter onbius, Irenthropus, Dawson I. Where are we up to? This day, I had to go back a page to be able to find the ether-ombus word. This theory, however, couldn't stand up to critical examination. It presupposed, for a start, that the workmen concerned with the gravel pit possess sufficient paleontological knowledge. Paleontological is a fucking well good word. To be able to stain bones and teeth within those expertise that deceive an expert like Dawson. Yes, he has a bit dodgy in it. I can't imagine these workmen are being all up on fucking archaeology. Saying that though, Dawson did it as a hobby. It was probably a growing hobby. I imagine some of these workmen would probably be considered like lower middle working class, lower middle class, if that makes sense. So they might have a bit of an education or an understanding, enough money to have a bit of a free time and go around museums and learn and read books, but not enough time to actually do it as a, you know, I could dig up fields to make money to sell bones and bits of fucking arrowheads from people that got killed by people who developed better weapons. Which is essentially all you're ever going to find in it, which is pretty grim. Whenever you're digging someone up in a field like that and from a battle, you're digging up the losers. So really, what do we learn from not like historically, what do we learn? Because then people more than likely didn't pass on their genes. The ones that did pass on the genes were the ones that killed them. So I don't really understand what we learned there. That doesn't seem very scientific. And that they were informed enough about evolutionary anatomy to take the trouble to file the molars in the ape's jawbone flat enough to suggest human origin, and indeed, that they were able to obtain an ape's jawbone at all. It's not the kind of thing one can readily buy in a shop. He's added a little joke there. He's fucking, he like in, so for those of you that aren't listening to this on Patreon, it's this man wrote this is a very, very serious man, it seems. It also seems like he got bored for maybe 10 chapters in the middle. He was like, he was bored out of his mind. But then every now and then he throws in a little bit of sarcasm or a little joke, but that seems to be an indicator of the ones that he enjoys. This is probably one of the longer chapters. And if that's the case, it usually is. No, it's not actually. But it's not much of a story or we're near the end of the story now. It was pretty, I know the story already on this one, which is a shame. That's why I've put it out publicly, because I can't be surprised by it, because I know about it. It was presupposed that they had planted the jawbone to match the genuine pieces of fossilised cranium which they'd discovered in the pit, and even more unlikely that they had recognised the score fragments for what they were. Such a theory credited the pilt-down labourers with as much expert knowledge of fossils as Dawson himself, or the British Museum for that matter, as a theory, it was untenable. Even worse, it was easily confirmed that no further prehistoric relics had ever been found in pilt-down after Dawson's death. Something you might not know, this still a monument erected to Charles Dawson for the pilt-down man. In the, I think in the park, nearest to where this was done. And to clinch the argument, it was eventually discovered that even the genuine animal fossils, those of which had been proved to be 50,000 years old, had actually come from elsewhere. The genuine fossils had, of course, been given credence to the spurious antiquity of the faked relics, but not one of them. That is nonsense. Give credence to the spurious antiquity of faked relics, but not one of them, whether genuine or false was of true pilt-down origin. The genuine fossils had, of course, given credence to the spurious antiquity, antiquity, the faked relics, but not one of them, whether genuine or false was of true pilt-down origin. I don't, I don't know, I'm sorry. They had been put into the gravel by hand. Okay. While one might just conceivably believe that a skilled and competent laborer might, given the know-how of be capable of staining modern bone fragments with bichromate chemicals and planting them in the gravel, it was surely asking too much to accept that the same workmen, who also, have accessed the genuine fossils dating back 50,000 years, included a prehistoric elephant tooth from Tunisia, and used these as props to be able to pass off the doctored modern bones as antiques. Not a single full stop in that paragraph. The man who possessed a large collection of fossils, including some prehistoric skull fragments, was Dawson himself, old Charlie boy. It was known that Dawson carried out experiments in staining bones with various chemicals, partly to find a way of staining bones in order to preserve them, so he said, and partly to discover the way in which natural staining occurred. Finally, as a matter of interest, some three years after the discovery and launching upon the world of the pilt-down man, the remains of a second missing link were unearthed by Dawson at a sight, some two miles away from the original pilt-down gravel pit. Now, I didn't know this. These relics were examined, which also shown to be chemically stained fakes. There have been most of the evidence, in the case of Dawson versus the world of modern science. Dawson has been dead for donkey's years, and most of the evidence is circumstantial, and therefore might not be true. The only tangible evidence remains in the fossils and flints genuine and fraudulent, which have yielded the secrets to modern methods of analysis. All that's left are the questions. Was it an oaks or a fraud? Was Dawson guilty? If so, why did he do it, and why did he- what did he up to gain? It was certainly no question of financial gain, indeed. Oh, I imagine he could go and give a few talks, the way. Make a bit of money off of that. People might have invited him to parties. This is the fellow that- I've got Charles Dawson here. He's the one who found the fucking pilt-down man. He found the missing link. You know, people would want him at the parties, wouldn't he, back then. Before you could have, you know, like the the God and Ramsay lookalikes and stuff like that. They'd probably love to have him the- Dawson spent money in pain for specimens found by workmen in the gravel. Was it a case of an amateur desperately in search of professional recognition? If so, we did achieve it for a while, or at least for the duration of his life. It is simple enough to assume that Charles Dawson's enthusiasm for fossil collecting ran away with him, and that, not consent with acquiring a miscellaneous collection of relatively insignificant flints and bones, he wished to be known, and perhaps become famous for a really important find. He wanted to be a big fish in the small pond of fossil collectors. On the other hand, he should have gone to them fields in China where they'd just constantly digging them up. On the other hand, it should be remembered that Dawson was a reputable member of his community and, by profession, a solicitor, and that he was assisted in his digging at the sites by one of the British Museum's eminent paleontologists. Does it seem likely that Dawson, who, during his life, was never regarded as a rogue or a cheat, would implicate an expert who was very much of a personal friend in a brash, and rather naive attempt to hoax the entire scientific world. No, actually, what it seems like is science has gone, oh, we don't like that this fellas found this out, because all of the shit that we made up a few years ago now could prove to be false. Also, maybe this makes it actually look like we've not been around for as long as what we say we've been around for, and people will actually learn that Anatoly Fomenko may have been right, but let's not get into that because I don't think Fomenko has put out his study yet, this is still in the 1900s. Early 1900s, anyway, was Dawson himself the victim of another oak, so who, in addition to having the ability to stain bones so that they resembled fossils, had access to an impressive number of genuine fossils, and if so, bearing in mind, Dawson's experience and expertise, would he be likely to be taken in? There's no evidence that Dawson was as gullible as those who accepted the fact that I could hold down man. Unbalance, he's really wrote this one out with a conclusion and everything. Unbalance, it rather looks as though Charles Dawson himself was the hoaxer. He's really flimplem there, and he has changed his mind there, it seems. His motives will never be known, his hoax, despite his many doubters and opponents, survived for 40 odd years and was finally demolished by science, poor old missing Link. That's a weird way to write, he's put missing Link in quotes with an exclamation mark afterwards. When the fraud was finally exposed in 1953, the must have been many, you were genuinely sorry to witness the annihilation of the pilt down man, the erasing of a remote and completely fictitious phase in the history of human evolution. One can't help feeling that there was a definite niche and need for the pilt down man in history, he had to be genuine. And that's it, that's the end of that chapter there, so if you've enjoyed this, come and join the page, you can get a seven day free trial, we'll be doing chapter 26, probably next week, that one's called Operation Inflation, it's got a boom of what looks like a bunch of, maybe a bunch of Nazis, I'm not overly sure, yeah Nazis I would say, it looks it, they've got a magnifying glass, a couple magnifying glasses on the go. So that might be, that might be interesting one, I think. Oh no, there's two left, so there's that 126 and then there's 27, and then we'll be onto the next book, which is Etiquette for Women. So two more to go, I'm going to end the little page running Spotify recording here, so there you go, if you enjoyed that, you know, remember, there's more on Patreon, another trip 24 chapters, you might find another episode on Spotify from this book from earlier in the year, maybe, I think I did actually, you'll find some of the daily updates on Spotify as well, but there's a lot more, there's as of recording this one, which would be last week, there is 283 daily updates, 10 longer episodes, episodes where I'm reading comments left by dickheads and pissed off people, and I take the piss out of the voices that I make up, there's other stuff, vlogs and 200 and summit vlogs, I think, 100 and something vlogs, I can't remember, but there's loads of stuff on there, plus you can read me books on there as well, you can download them as a digital file to keep even after your subscription on there has ended, so if you fancy a bit of that and there's a few discount codes and you get a message as well, to tell you when the next rap pencil case will become available, so if you fancy it, go and sign up patreon.com/world.roundyou, you know, I'll put it in the description below, but thanks for listening, and if there is an advert playing as soon as I finish talking, let it play, it earns me a fraction of a penny, and I'll see you in a bit.