Gemara Markings Daf Yomi
Bava Metzia 64
Samu Khimul al-Baze, six lines from the bottom, we pick up with our third of Naqman, Bhamur of Naqman. Hai Mando isifb shiti mikhavre. Let's say I borrowed coins or a person borrowed coins from his friend, let's say from Bob, that Ashgrak Bei too find. And then I come home and I had borrowed, you know, it was supposed to be this many quarters. And I find there's actually some extra quarters over there. What do I do now? Colin E, I squiggle underline this word E, and one line later, I also squiggle underline the word E. E, if the amount of extra coins are bikadesha dostoja, literally what would be normal for somebody to make a mistake, then mikhayev la adurele. It would be my responsibility to return them to the person who's borrowed from the extra ones. However, comma, v'ilav, and if not, what's on about him? Oh, do you know what? The guy was basically giving me a gift. Well, okay, what exactly, how do we define then, as the more haiti dummy, three word phrase bikadesha dostoja, what would be something that we would say was definitely an oversight, and therefore you have to return it. So, amar a v'ilav, rei, drei, v'ilav, bei, isu rice, v'ilav, hum, shaisa. I guess many times where coins were kept like in stacks of 5 or 10, and therefore let's say I borrowed, I don't know, 30 coins, and I get home and I find that there's actually like 35 there or 40 there, then what probably happened is an extra stack of 5 or 10 were put in the pile and that's where the borrower would have to return it. comma, amar le revaja, brei, drei, rava, he says to ravashi. Well, how about if the person who is lending out the money is known to be very tight, very strict, the enish tekifahu, dalayagmatana, he usually doesn't give gifts, and like, you can't really assume it's a gift, so then what do you do, do you have to give it back to him? What would we say, question mark? Amar le says ravashi back. Well, no, because you never know, dilma migzal-gazle, maybe he had stolen it from you at some point, some amount of value or money, the ivalab, sashbain, any kind of is like trying to hide it or sink it in with the accounting, and therefore you can keep it. So, as we have a Bryce that actually says, that's a decent approach for somebody who stole somebody else's money, Bryce goes exactly a line, hagazle-es-kha-vei-rei, and it could be very embarrassing to go back to somebody afterwards, and say, "Well, it's nice to stole some money from here to his back," but he's like, "Because when you just kind of like slide it in, like, you had to pay, give the guy like $100, you give him $110, then yeah, so that would actually work for the gazlan to fulfill his obligation of returning the money." Therefore, that might not happen all the time, but it's a reasonable chance that might be the case. The inish dasimalma, let's say though the person borrowed money from is someone who came, I don't know, from like, who knows where, never seen him before. D'lo-shak-il-vei-tari-baha-dai-mai, who's never really had any business dealings with you, what do we say then? What would the borrower say, the lender, they've never met each other before? Well, Amalay, he says back, I guess, revashi, dulma inish arina gazle, you know what happened? Maybe there was another person who stole money, let's just say, I'm the one who's borrowing who stole money from me at some point. However, he's very embarrassed to return it to me, and therefore Amalay, the gazlan says to this third party who knows who's going to come into Horowitz to get some money. Yazif, plani, chitiminach, with Horowitz comes to borrow some money from you. Ivalalay, bhishmains, give him a little bit extra, and here I'll pay you for it. Period. Here's a little story, it goes for about six, seven lines. I'm Rav Kahanam. Rav Kahanam says, hava yisivna be shillipirkidirav. I was sitting there at the end of Rav's shirvishamistakamar, and I couldn't really hear exactly what it was saying, but I heard he kept saying kari, kari, which is like a gourd or a pumpkin. Gourd, squash, pumpkin, squash. Vilya done to my camera, and I really wasn't sure what he was talking about. So, kama bhasar to kamaav after Rav finished the shir, and got up. I'm really, who I said to the people who are listening, who are maybe closer, able to hear better. My kari kari to kamaav, what was Rav saying about the pumpkins, the gourd, the squash? Kama, amalay, will they said to me? How could you kamaav? This is what Rav said. Hi, manthiyya yisuzi, leghina a kari. A person who gives a farmer, a person who has squash planted, he paid him money for some squash, zucchini, they call it a pumpkin, maybe. Ve ka asli, maybe we'll just call it smosh, ve ka asli, asara, kari, bene, zarta, and the current going rate would be that you could purchase for a zuz, ten of them, each one a zarta, which is about half of an amalay, so let's call it about eight inches. So you can purchase an eight-inch one, ten of them for a zuz, ve, amalay, and he said to him, yeah, heave the lach. Listen, I'll provide you with these squash or cucumbers, like in about a month from now, bene garmida, and they'll be even bigger. They'll be like, if they were eight inches, they'll be sixteen inches, which a garmida is literally an amalay, so they're going for half an amalay, but I'll give you in a month from now. One's that are twice as big. And it depends, like we've seen numerous times in the last few days, it's new, if the seller has currently those in stock, shari, it's permissible, even if he's not going to pay up for another month, less nobody if he doesn't have any than us, it would be forbidden because it's like a de rub on unribous issue. Okay, now, again, this sounds very familiar with what we've seen numerous times, in which case, when I asked Pshita, we know this already, that if you're going to pay money cash now for future delivered payros, as long as the provider has them fine, but if not, it could be an issue. So we have two leshiness of how the Gamora goes from here. I put a number one in the margin here, and about ten lines later, first one line is also, I put a number two in the margin. So the first version is to answer the Pshita, well, Mau de Taimi, you might have thought to say, came into the Meila Karabu. What happens if you have squash or pumpkins growing in the ground? Nothing. It grows, like, on its own, automatically, just leaving the ground, it continues to grow, shop or diamond, that this actually might be allowed. Come on, that's what we're being told that it's not. Kama, well, come on, who would we be going like when we say that? Well, Kihaitana, just sign you like the following snake opinion, which is brought in this bracelet, which goes just about seven lines and starts here. Let's see, you have a person. He's got different assets in different places. He's got some goats in this place, and he's got some sheep in another place, and he's got some honeycombs in the third place. So I like the other person who's going a lot like this. He's going to milk his goats, or Ligza's Israel. I love to shear his sheep, or to go remove the honey from his honeycombs, and his beehives. As he's going, probably, like, a few day journey to get there, he meets up with Badda Eva Amalani says to him, "Hey, what do you say, Mashi Isai, Hovai, is Mihorlach? What do you say, also, today, whatever milk I'm able to get from my goats, or Mashi Mihorlach, or I'll say to you, whatever, will I be able to shear off my sheep, or Mashi kava-rasi, that was my beehives right there?" The honey that I get from it, Mihorlach, Mutter, that would be permissible. Okay, and they set a price, let's say, $100, and well, I don't know how much will all get back, I might get more, might get less, but that would be the deal. That is actually permissible. Why? Because the person who's paying now, and is only going to receive this much later, he might get more, but he might get less. And therefore, it's okay, there's no agar natar in that case. Aval, I squiggle on on the Aval. However, him, Amalani, in sort of parallel cases, if he said to him, "Okay, I'm going to milk my goats." Well, I should say per liter, you'll pay me $5, now the market price is actually $6, but I'll give it to you for $5, and let me wait to provide the goat milk for you. Mihorlach, or Mashurahhele, goizis kafakafmihorlach, or that which my sheep for each bundle, I'll give you a discounted price, and then I'll go and do it in a little bit, but not right now. Or Mashur kavarasi, right there, whatever honey I'm able to get from my beehives, kafakafmihorlach, essentially, he's getting paid, now he's giving the purchase of the one who's giving them the money, a discount, and the product which is going to be delivered only later is actually more, and therefore that would be user. That's the end of the snake's source. Now, Vafagav de Mimela ka Rabu, these are things that happen on its own. Your goats, udders are so full, if you leave them for a little bit longer, it fills up with more milk, or the wool on the sheep grows a little bit more, or the bees produce more honey. Even though that's happening on its own, Kavan de Lesnu, Bahishanta, but since it doesn't exist at the time he's making the deal, it would be user. Okay, that's the first lush, and the second lush, and I squiggle and land the Ikadamri, in this lush, and Amarava, oh no. The guy who had the current six-inch squash, and he took money from somebody now, and he said, "Well, I'll provide the squash for you, like, you know, in a month, then it'll be 12-inch squash." Amarava, Kavan de Mimela ka Rabu, since the squash grows on its own, that's chopper dummy, that's actually, okay, that's fine, that's a totally permissible deal. Asks the memorial one, second, according to the second lush, is permissible, the Hatanya, but didn't we just say, this is the price we had, like, three lines ago, three word quote, "Karva kar", it would be user, that it would be forbidden to do that. Well, we're actually going to make a distinction between growing squash versus the things mentioned in the Bryce. Hossam, lav Mime ka Rabu, let's say you have, I don't know, ten ounces of milk in the goat's udders today, and if you wait another day, there'll be fifteen fluid ounces. Well, the ten fluid ounces didn't itself grow another five, what happened is that another five were produced, similarly the wool on a sheep's back. It's not that whatever wool is there today itself grows to be bigger, rather new wool continues to grow, and so too. Hossam, lav Mime ka Rabu, it's not, like, from the thing itself, the shakli-le-la-hi, and the proof of that is, that if you, like, share off the wool, passe achunabedukte, there's more wool that comes, so it's not the wool that was there before. It's not the wool that was there before that's getting bigger, whereas when dealing with gourds or pumpkins or vegetables like the hacha, you know what? Mime ka Rabu, if the vegetable is x-big, and you come back later and it'll be even bigger than that, that's because it's the vegetable itself that is growing, and the proof of that is, if you shakli-le, if you pick the vegetable, la-hi, lo-hasi achunabedukte, there ain't another vegetable that is going to continue growing in this place. Maybe next season, but not right away. Period. Amarabai, anonabai, he says, shakli-le initialim, maimra-le-la-hi, it's permissible for a person to say to his friend. Hila-hi-la-hi-ba-zousi, achavisa de chamre, here, take four zoos for a barrel of wine, and here's the deal. I'm going to collect it in the future, however, colon e-takfah, if it goes bad, if it gets sour, then brishusi, then basically it's in your possession and the deals off. However, e-yakra, or e-zila, if it goes up in price or down in price, brishusi, then I'll take it when it comes time to collect. That's what Abai said is permissible. Amar-le says, rivshrabi, anonavashrabi, he says to Abai, well, one second. Hi, Carl Laskar, Varakhla, have said, isn't this a deal which, if he's not going to take the loss, if it goes sour, and I don't know what percentage of wine goes sour, but there's some percentage of wine that goes sour, then that's a deal which is much closer to being able to benefit than the detriment that would be, and that shouldn't be permissible. Rasha brings a Gomorrah in Libna's prayer, if this is a person who has a deal like that, it's actually a Rasha. Amar-le says, though, Abai, back to Roshravya, kevan de kabla, la-zila, no, because since he is willing to accept upon himself, if the price goes down, Carl Laskar, who, that's close enough to being sort of like a 50/50, maybe he'll go up, maybe he'll go down, and therefore it's permissible. So, if I lend, let's say, Bob $10,000, I should not live in his courtyard for free. That would be like maybe an interest type of situation. Veloy Yiskurmimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimimsound, if you will have a good idea for the same issue, if you will have a good idea, then I will give you a good idea for the same issue. We're going to have ten lines later, first one aligned to Amre, put a Roman numeral to in the margin, a second Lushan of what is being said right now. So, in the first Lushan, it says, (speaks Hebrew) If I happen to be living in somebody else's klatsur, then he doesn't know about it, (speaks Hebrew) I don't have to pay him rent, he doesn't care, he doesn't know, and what he doesn't know doesn't hurt him. However, (speaks Hebrew) If I lent him money, and then the same scenario, and then I'm (speaks Hebrew) and then I live in his (speaks Hebrew) I would, yes, have to pay rent for it. Okay, that's the big (speaks Hebrew) Do we need that? (speaks Hebrew) We have a (speaks Hebrew) Our mission had said, here's a quote, two lines, it says (speaks Hebrew) You cannot live in his, if you lent out the money to him, you can't live in his klatsur for nothing. (speaks Hebrew) You can't rent things for him for less than what they would be at market. (speaks Hebrew) So, don't we know that from the Mishnah? Well, not necessarily. (speaks Hebrew) If we only had our Mishnah, (speaks Hebrew) When is that? Like that the Mish is talking about, that I can't live in his klatsur for free. (speaks Hebrew) That's a courtyard that is basically on the market to be rented out. (speaks Hebrew) The person on the klatsur, whatever reason, he's not interested in renting it out. (speaks Hebrew) Probably won't be paying rent anyway, but who knows why he wants to live here, but he does. (speaks Hebrew) It is because it looks like Ribes. Okay, that was all the first Lushan of the Gomorrah. (speaks Hebrew) You may underline his name. (speaks Hebrew) In this Lushan, it's slightly different. He says (speaks Hebrew) Even though we know the Jewish accepted practices, (speaks Hebrew) If I live in Bob's klatsur, (speaks Hebrew) I don't have to pay rent for it. However, if, and here's a thing that works, it says, three word quote, I have a deal with Bob. (speaks Hebrew) (speaks Hebrew) Okay. (speaks Hebrew) And live in my klatsur. So you're lending me money. I'm going to give you this amount of money, but girls living in my klatsur. In that case, to avoid it being a Ribes problem, (speaks Hebrew) He would have to pay whatever the going rate, the full rental rate for such a situation would be. Okay, now that Lushan that we just read of Naqman, it's actually spoken out as part of the deal. Okay, what's the difference between Lush number one and Lush number two? (speaks Hebrew) that he just happened to rent him. Wasn't actually written as part of the deal, although more so. (speaks Hebrew) If it's like written as part of the deal, that's definitely going to be a Ribes problem, if not for the fact that he's paying market value for the rental. (speaks Hebrew) However, the second approach, the second Lushan, this economic Lushan, (speaks Hebrew) where it's like written in as part of the deal, okay, that's what's a problem. (speaks Hebrew) If it just like so happens afterwards, that he lent him money, and then he's living in his rutser, that would not be a problem low. My time, huh? Why? Well, simply, (speaks Hebrew) since the loan originally had nothing to do with this. That's the reason he rented or didn't rent from him. (speaks Hebrew) We really have no issue with it. His basic view is two separate transactions, two separate issues. Period, (speaks Hebrew) I underline his name, (speaks Hebrew) he was of the practice of seizing people's slaves, which people, the people who owed it money and weren't paying up. Demastic, (speaks Hebrew) who owed him money, and now he wants to get his money back, but he would seize the slave in the internment if the person would pay up, I guess he would just keep the slave. And what would he do with these slaves, (speaks Hebrew) and have them work. They'd have them build something for them, or clean the floors, or sew some new garments. (speaks Hebrew) This is (speaks Hebrew) his son, (speaks Hebrew) he says, (speaks Hebrew) Why exactly are you doing that? How can you do that? Isn't that a problem of ribbass? Because if they end up paying you back the loan, then you've got the money of the loan back, as well as the services of the avid. (speaks Hebrew) So (speaks Hebrew) he explains to his son, he says (speaks Hebrew) (speaks Hebrew) He says, (speaks Hebrew) I go like (speaks Hebrew) that's why I hold like to (speaks Hebrew) of the opinion that (speaks Hebrew) like a Gentile slave, (speaks Hebrew) is not even worth the bread of his tummy. In other words, the amount that it costs to keep him and defeat him and everything, he doesn't do enough work. Well, one second says junior to his father says, (speaks Hebrew) (speaks Hebrew) One second, that's not like across the board. That's certain types of exceptional cases of slaves. I'll tell you, that's maybe like (speaks Hebrew) I'll tell you where (speaks Hebrew) said it could go in (speaks Hebrew) his own slave, (speaks Hebrew) who really wasn't very productive. He used to just spend his time to (speaks Hebrew) be dancing in the bars. (speaks Hebrew) However, a regular old slave that people have, (speaks Hebrew) usually the slaves are able to be much more productive than the cost of keeping them. (speaks Hebrew) So the father of (speaks Hebrew) says to his son, (speaks Hebrew) you know, actually on a key, (speaks Hebrew) you know, actually I hold like, and I half box, (speaks Hebrew) of (speaks Hebrew) of (speaks Hebrew) sphere leads who I hold like. Okay, this is a new explanation. What does he say to (speaks Hebrew) He says (speaks Hebrew) if I like to grab somebody else's slave and I use him to do some work for me, I am potter from having any responsibility to pay the person whose slave it is, and why is that? (speaks Hebrew) Actually, I guess it's a universal issue. Slaves are often lazy, and even though they work for the boss a certain amount of hours, there's nothing the boss would like more than to keep that slave working productively, even if it means working for somebody else for a few hours. And therefore I am using the slaves, and it shouldn't be a problem. (speaks Hebrew) The son persists, and he says, (speaks Hebrew) (speaks Hebrew) Okay, fine, but that's where there was no like lone borrower-lender relationship between the two parties. However, (speaks Hebrew) Why are you, sir, dad? (speaks Hebrew) (speaks Hebrew) Since there's like a lone relationship going on this, this would appear to be kind of like ribbass. (speaks Hebrew) Even though they have said, this is something we saw earlier, that in general (speaks Hebrew) If I just go to somebody's cluster, guys not thinking of renting it out, and I like pitch a tent and live there, (speaks Hebrew) I actually do not have to pay and rent, whatever, if it's a different relationship between me and that guy. Basically, there's like a borrower-lender relationship he'll value, (speaks Hebrew) right? If I lend him money, and then I live in his cluster, (speaks Hebrew) wages would yes have to be paid. And in the tremendous honesty, even though it's to his son, (speaks Hebrew) says the father to the son, (speaks Hebrew) I've actually, okay, I reversed my opinion, and you're right, period. (speaks Hebrew)