Radio Miraya
2741: ROUNDTABLE: The Roles of Youth in Nation-Building and Democratic Transition in South Sudan
(upbeat music) - The round table. - A very warm welcome to Radio Round Table with me, Yaj Grangh, and today we are discussing the role of youth in nation building and democratic transition in South Sudan. The Ministry of Youth and Sport is a youth-centric ministry that tries to empower youth in all aspects including the sport and leadership. The ministry oversees the function of the body called the National Youth Union. The Youth Union, the National Youth Union is an umbrella of all youth of South Sudan. The union is elected every four years by delegates drawn from state and administrative areas including diaspora and youth with special needs. Since its inception, the body has been conducting its election regularly by its internal rules and regulations. The youth elections like any other elections were always furiously contested and divisive at some points. These year elections are being held under the team. You united for peace, development, and nation building. The youth convention is slated for 22nd to 24th of May 2024. The youth election is happening in a year where the country is bracing its itself for the first democratic elections and hopes are high that this could be a test for youth readiness for elections. So the successful participation of youth who constitute over 70% population in South Sudan free and fair democratic processes of the youth union election would be indicative of youth critical roles and participation in the national elections as slated. In the studio joining us to discuss these role of youth in nation building and democratic democratic transition in South Sudan is the Honorable Minister, Dr. Joseph Gangakay, the Minister of Youth and Sport. Welcome to the studio, Radi Mariah Roundtable, Honorable Minister. Thank you very much. And then we have advocate Ramadhan Mogaj, Chairperson, who is the Chairperson of National Youth and Sport Council. Ramadhan, welcome to Radi Mariah. - Thank you, thank you very much. - Then we have advocate Gabriel Medina-Pach, a chairperson of appropriate tree, committee, welcome to the studio, Molana Medina, thank you, Dr. Rai. - Then we have Molana Ajang Doat Ajang who is the principal returning officer for electoral committee. Welcome to the studio Molana Ajang. - Thank you, sir. Yeah, maybe for protocol sec and the understanding of the nexus between the youth union and the youth council minister, can you kindly explain to our listeners the policy relation that exists between the national youth council and the ministry? - Thank you very much, Victoria, for inviting us this morning to have this crucial conversation on an important youth initiative that's coming up in a few days. The ministry of youth and sport season charges you mentioned earlier on in your introductory remarks of all youth and sport affairs in this country. One of the main functions is to implement policies of government so that youth across the country and beyond who are south of the east can access livelihoods and participate in nation building. To do this, we've established institutions that will help us overseeing affairs of the youth. So the national youth and sports council is a specially dedicated body within the ministry comprising of seven expats drawn from different backgrounds in South Sudan. Whose main function is to oversee elections, register all youth and sport bodies across the country and ensure that they follow the regulations and play a meaningful role in the society. So we're really excited that we have these volunteers of expats led by Molona Ramadan who have joined the ministry to help in reorganizing the youth and making sure that youth benefit from the policies of government. - Yeah, all honorable minister, why does the ministry has to be at the top of the youth elections, organizations? - So there are too many reasons. One is technical, the other one is policy. I'll start with technical. So the youth union was established as independent, remains an independent body that works under the Minister of Youth and Sports. - Okay. - In the event that the term has come to an end, they would organize elections in which they would invite the ministry. But the regulations say that when they fail to do so, for one reason or the other, the ministry takes over so that it helps in reorganizing the convention in accordance with the regulations but also to make sure that there are no disputes involved. So that's why the ministry is now heavily involved. But also on the policy side, as I mentioned, the youth and the sports council in the ministry is in charge of overseeing elections of all youth. And by the way, youth to constitute a large demographic of our country, 70% of the population. So indeed, the government would have interest to make sure that these youth bodies are organized and are implementing policies of government that are working closely with the relevant government, ministry such as the Minister of Youth, to make sure that their bodies represent the diversity in the country, that they are focused on socioeconomic development and that they receive the support they need from the line ministry which is asked. - So in a nutshell, the responsibility here is to oversee when the body is unable to, for one reason or another to conduct its elections as a stipulated in their rules and regulations. - And always the ministry will oversee elections of all youth and sport bodies across the country to make sure that these bodies are established in accordance with the law. - Thank you. Honorable, I mean, Molana Ramadan, some listeners would be asking themselves, what is this youth union by definition or by its description? What are its role? What are the roles at the level of the nation, at national level? And what is its relationship with the youth federation in all the states? The minister said that the ministry oversees also the elections of youth union across the country. So across the country, meaning there are youth union in the states. And so what is this body, define it, describing it for the sake of our listeners? And what are the roles? What is your relationship with the federations in the states? - Thank you. Thank you very much. I want to start by seeing we are delighted to be here. Personally as chairperson of the National Youth in Sports Council, just to add to what Honorable Minister said, the National Youth in Sports Council is a body of purely professionals. Now, before the National Youth in Sports Council came into place, we used to have a commission within the ministry. So in summary, I will say that the council actually now replaces that commission. Within the council, we have a number of professionals from various disciplines. We have medical doctors, we have engineers, we have lawyers who are working with the government. And myself, I'm a lawyer in private practice for many years. I believe most of the listeners will be familiar with my face and voice. - Yeah, so the council has a number of objectives. When the council was put into place by an order of the Honorable Minister, some of the mandate was to register youth and sports association. Among them also is to oversee activities of youth bodies more as playing an assistant role to the ministry. Other part of our mandate also involves resolving disputes within the youth and sports bodies. Collecting data and playing general roles in terms of looking at the regulations and seeing how those regulations actually comply to the policy of the government. - So we've had a good relationship with youth and I will say youth bodies within the states, especially during the preparation for this third national youth convention. Yeah, so in a nutshell that I will say that is it the National Youth Union came into place to replace the commission. We play a role. - That is the council. - Yes, the council. - Okay. - Yes, the council, yeah, sorry. Yeah, so we are purely professionals and assisting that anger where if and when the ministry needs us to look into specific issues, but generally in touching with youth bodies and the sports fraternity. Thank you. - Well, that is the role of the mandate of the council and its relationship with the federations in the state. But then still, what is National Youth Union? - Yeah, the National Youth Union is a body that is more of a national body that has a regulation that governs it. Now, the two should not be confused. You know, sometimes when people hear of National Youth and Sports Council, they mistake it to be the union. - Yeah, yeah, so those are two different things. So now, for you to understand the union very well, then that needs to take us to the coming conversation. So that conversation, at the end of that conversation, it is expected that the delegates will go into an election and that is when they are going to elect the chairperson of the National Youth Union. - So that body is purely, it will be an umbrella body that now brings together the youth union within, I mean, it will bring together all the state youth unions under that one umbrella. So these are two distinct bodies. - Okay, so if I'm under 40, or let me say, if I'm from 35, as it is known, well, I have not seen whether it is in the law or not in the law, or it is a policy or no, you are above 40. (laughing) - Yeah, so what I'm trying to say because I haven't seen the law and always there are controversies as to who is the youth in South Sudan, to what are the age limit of youth. - So if I'm 40, or 35, as I am, of course I'm over 40, and wow, what am I a member, automatic member of the National Youth Union, or do I have to register? - Is that in regard to, you know, the union? - There are that union. - Yeah, you see, you know, there are state unions, right? - Yeah. - Yes, so the way it is structured is that it is expected that, depending with where, which state you come from, that you register with your state union. Yes, then when it comes to issues of the National Youth Union, then in most cases, it is the delegates who are sent to now come and represent you guys at the National level. - So if I'm not registered with my state union, - Yes. - And I'm in Cuba. - Yes. - I'm not automatically a member of the National Youth Union, by that virtue. - Yeah, you have representation with the delegates. Your state will be sending delegates. Yes. So it is delegates who will be your representative, yes. - Yeah, Honorable, I'm used to Honorable in this studio, but I have one Honorable in this studio. (laughing) (speaking in foreign language) I understand you are in charge of the preparation for National Youth Union elections that are scheduled for 22nd to 24th of May, just few days away from now, maybe four days away from now. So for our audience, on social media and audience, also on this media, can you explain to what levels could preparation be now? And what has been the challenges that you have been encountering with your members as you prepare for these elections? Because these elections are, as I said in the introduction before, some time they could be divisive among the youth and you could be mindful of this aspect that the elections are always divisive, furiously contested, and maybe bringing issues here and there. Molana? - Thank you, Dr. Yamashiyay for inviting us to this forum. First, to start with, I am the chair of the Preparatory Committee. The Preparatory Committee is representing the National Youth Union Office. Before my appointment, there was an office, that is for the youth. And then when the town expired and they had not conducted election, that was when they hand over to the ministry, as it was mentioned before the relationship between the National Youth Union and the ministry. So the ministry took over and then we were appointed by the Ministry of Order to, as the end of December, that was in January for a period of three months to organize a convention and then election. So when we say convention, it means that bringing all the delegates from all the constituencies and the delegates that constitute the National Youth Union, they come from the State Youth Union and Administrative Areas Youth Union. They also come from the Diaspora, they come from the youth with disability, and they come from the youth coalition for last the faith-based group organizations. So these bodies are represented in the National Youth Union when it comes to convention and election. After three months, we had some challenges. First, we started with arranging all the procedures to bring the delegates from the states. So we developed the criteria based on the law, the laws of Salsudan, and then the constitution of Salsudan National Youth Union, which they call the general regulation. We send all these guidelines to the states and other constituencies to bring the delegates. So we receive the delegates list and then we started to examine them whether they meet the criteria or not. Some would not meet the criteria. We normally send back the response to the states that delegate them. What could be the two main criteria? First, you must be a youth between 18 to 35 years old. That is in terms of age. And then you must be delegated by your states or by your constituencies through a letter by the youth chair person of that state's or any city area or whatever constituency. And then there are also other criteria, including the academic background. So to be a member of the National Youth Union, you have a minimum of diploma, just diploma and above. - A minimum of diploma? - Yes. What does that mean? Well, to be a delegate, yes. And from my understanding with more than a Moghur, the National Youth Union is inclusive. And if it is inclusive, then you know the literacy rate in South Sudan and especially with academic qualification. You know it very well. Out of 70% youth, that's the total number of youth. - Okay, first, I understand that. - First, you understand, let me come to this. Let me nail it down. Now, a vast number of this population leave in rural areas where they are not privileged to have education, where they do not have certificates if they have gone to school maybe to primary aid or secondary school. And so that disqualified them from being a member of National Youth Union. And that does not mean the basic intention of the National Youth Union. First of all, individuals are not members of the National Youth Union. That is one thing that you should know. It means that what constitutes the National Youth Union, it means that the organs are the state youth union is the member. And then the youth coalition is a member. And then the coalition in the diaspora is a member. And then the coalition of the disability is a member. And then the coalition of the faith-based group is a member. So in other words, the members of the National Youth Union are registered bodies. And then with these registered bodies, there are now individuals. So these individuals, they are members regardless of education. Let's say they state youth union. Take example, the Central Locatoria State Youth Union, which is a member of the National Youth Union. When you go to State Youth Union, you will find that it is constituted by the youth union from the counties. So if you go to the counties, boomers and payams, if you go to the counties, the members of the youth body there are the youth association from the payams. And then after the boomer. And some of them will be cattle keepers. Yes, of course. We do not have education. We do not have education. And they will not be having voting riot in National Youth Union because they don't have a set of diplomas. First of all, implication. Okay, first of all, when you are coming to the National Youth Union, you must be delegated by your state or your constituency. So now when your state delegates you to come here, there are criteria which are given now to the state. And those are the ones you mentioned. Because if you say that it is the matter of age, and then let's say we bring people from the village who do not go to school. Of course they are youth. We have six or four tribes. Are they going to use the six or four languages in the National Youth Convention? They could use the National Language. What is that National Language? It could be Arabic or English. And you don't need a diploma to speak English or understand English. But how do you draw the bottom line of somebody who has gone to school and to speak English and to read the Constitution and interpret it? Because when we say here that we are coming for the Convention, they are like the parliamentarian. They are coming to debate on some of these issues in the Constitution. Before election, they are going to read the Constitution and they have to say that we need to amend this, we need to amend this. Molana, you are a lawyer and you understand the issues very well. What I'm driving at is the deprivation of the criteria. Let me say maybe the Constitution. The Constitution, if it is stated in the Constitution, the National Youth Union Constitution, that's a delegate must have at least a diploma, then the individual so could be from secondary schools, primary schools, and even Galway, and all these are right members, are members who have voting right in democracy. You don't need to have any formal education for you to have voting right. Do you, Molana? Okay. To educate you a little bit, this Constitution is the Constitution that was passed in the first National Youth Convention, in the second National Youth Convention, and then when we come in here, we are coming to follow the Constitution. The Constitution, and then organize the Convention, if there are issues in the Constitution, then that is why we are bringing these delegates now. To come and say, if you are a delegate, you will come and say in the Convention that this Constitution does not represent our will. No, you have answered me. You have answered me. Now, your mandate is to conduct the elections as per the Constitution, and it is the Constitution that is replacing this one. So if there is an issue with this, that excludes some members of youth, and then that is a constitutional issue that will be addressed by the delegate when they amend the Constitution. Exactly. Well, I think this is the Honourable Minister who will highlight to this issue later on. This is a critical issue that deprives others of the voting. I know, Molana, young, you have been very, very, very much patient, and listening keenly what your colleagues are saying with regard to our discussion. Let me come to your areas of specialization within the committee, within the whole organization, and that is overseeing the national elections. Let me ask, do you have some members that have come forward to contest the positions of National Youth Union, in other words, who are the candidates and the conditions of foundation with regard to the election? Thank you, Dr. Yaj for the opportunity. In regard to the question you just asked me. Yes, as per now, we publish the applications for interested applicants to apply for the chairmanship, in which when we publish, we receive 10 applicants who are interested to apply for the chairmanship of the National Youth Union, as for the debt, which is of yesterday. We have received six application under ten forms, in which two have given the reasons as to decline, and we discuss that with the team, because they are supposed to get their line for them to do their submission, supposed to be today, afternoon. As per our upcoming year, we get to get an notification or update from the rest. In regard to the second pathway, as was the requirement for eligibility in another work, that is how we issue a lot of fact in our regulations, how to be a candidate, what do we expect you to fulfill? So that you can be able to be clear, to buy for. This will take me back to my term of reference for the appointments. What were my duties or what I should be doing? In the term of reference for my appointment by the council, was one, a very critical was to publish the guidelines, which we have already done. We have published the guidelines, and we gave it to the candidates who were applying. And the second was to publish the timetable, which my team, we have already done it. We have published the timetable. And the most critical part was that we shall receive applications and bid the candidates. This is now the process that we are heading to. From the number that I have told you already, we presume maybe the five will be the Africa now that we shall be. So we shall be based on the qualification. And the qualification is what you asked. I'm going to take you, not all of them, there are many. But I'm going to take you to few critical ones, which are having substantial for the list. One is for you to be contesting for this championship, you must be a South Sudanese. You will be a South Sudanese national. That is a requirement for you. And the second, which is having a very good substantial effects, is the H limit. Having had from my colleagues, that is the share of the profile company, that for you to be a member of National Youth Union, you must be a youth that is from 18 to 35. But now, another thing, another requirement is that for you to buy for the championships, you must be 21 years to 31. So you can see that for the championship, you must be 21 to 31. Yes. That is as per the regulations, just to let you know. This is the regulation, what is said. And as the team, this is what you expected. Another very important requirement for them is that you must be nominated by one state, one state, and supported by another state. So do three very critical for you to buy for the national youth, in regard to other requirements. But these ones are very key. That you plus also done is might be 21 to 31, and you should be nominated by states, and supported by another state. Or administrative areas. Or administrative areas, the pre-administrative areas. So this is some of the critical things that I find on the eligibility, the candidate for the championship. What is the rationale of limiting the candidate for championship to age 21 to 31? Okay, the rationales may not be from the panel or for me as a chair. But it's come to that what we call the team, what was the mischief? It goes back to interpretation of the law. And when you wanted to make a regulation of the law, you go back to the history. What informed them to say it's 21 to 31? We here may assume it's one. That these people, they draft us at that location when they were doing the convention. The duration of the office of tenor is a four year. So when you become a 31, by the time you are living in the office, you will be 35. You will be 35. 35. Okay, 35. For the first time. Yes, for the first time. That means you have the existence, the youth age. Okay. That could be an informal rationale as to why they said you should be 21 to 31. So you actually bring in the issue of democracy where you will not stay long in one position. Like you be and then you wanted to extend and bang for the next because you have seen the privileges in the offices and all that you don't want to give chance. You are used. And remember, as we use this is when we organize ourselves, we are transiting to another higher position and higher that to develop our country and give a chance. So you come and come and mentor in office for the next four years so that this one term should be enough. And by the time you think 36, 35, you are eating above the youth age because that is 18 to 35. Well, then how free are you for seeing the elections? So free, fair and credible elections are elections going to be with all these arrangements that more than a meeting and with the conditions that you have said. And especially with the candidates coming from the states and administrative areas. Are there any other and constitutional arrangements to determine the candidates for a share of persons? As for now, you know, I will see elections is not an event, it's a process. Having been saying that since I came to office, I have seen that the process has been going on well. How do I determine the process going on well? It started with the high leaderships of the ministry. Where I am not called and told that you needed to do these and you needed to be mindful of these from the ministry structure, from the vulnerable minister to the council, then to the peripheral committee. That means I have already been guided that what the Monday, the tour that I was given are showing that as we start the exercise with my team, that is already showing me that the process is leading to a credible pre and transparent election. Because if you come to the office and you find that you have been guided, then you have known that there is there have come times. So, I cannot speculate that this election will not be a credible fee because the verification remeber was done by the proper committee. And they have scrutinized the requirement that are standard and they have submitted to me the list of the candidates of the delegates. And from the delegates that we have received and now we have sent out the notification no one has come up trying to dispute or dispute anything as for now. So, we are now in my understanding and my belief that we are heading to our defense. We will just start on the 22nd to the 24th. So, being in the process and all the other stakeholders are not having influence on my chair, then to give me our hope and our aspiration that I am going to be credible. If there are no complaints that mean something is being done to the substantial standard that are required and aspiration and expectation of the public. Okay, there is one side. On the other side, history tells us that the position of chairperson or national union is such a critical position that generates interest from other stakeholders. And I want to be specific here, the political parties. The political parties have interest in these because we are going for elections. And the youth, as you all agree, constitute over 70% of the population. So, they will also constitute over 70% of the voters because from 18 and above, we will be voting. So, what subguides have you put in place as a returning officer to subguise the political parties' influence on the national youth elections? Because this national youth youth is not one party from my understanding, as the ministry explained before. So, each party would want to put candidates in a position, especially the big parties, the big brothers in the political parties forum. So, what subguides are you putting in place? The subguides go back to the regulations. Those political parties may have their interest that they wanted to take this position for their own political interest. But then go back to me with my committee that we are guided by four principles. That is the neutrality, we don't mind who is buying for this championship and the independence where we are independent to conduct the election based on the criteria and the regulations that we have developed. And the integrity, we have to protect our own because we are using this one and that is a transitional position. So, we have to protect our integrity where we not compromise or being directed on what to be done and what not to do because the political stakeholders, they have their interest to leave it, but which we were guided by this principle and the impartiality. The speciality is a self guard, this principle is that whether the political parties wanted to put on their candidate and they have to know that they have to comply with the rule of integration as well. Where we don't know whether you are from which party or you are from which party, but then it is tough to them because the people, they are pushing whether they have the credential, just after the party leadership. But the self guard, we are doing the application, whoever is being footed by the big brother's parties, then must comply with the legislation. And if we pull the regulation, they delegate to make a decision. Yeah, if anyone want to interject here, this is free, but then the last question to you, Molana, again, well, you said all these sub-guides and I think these gifts of the elections are going to be credible and all these. But then the political parties that have interest in putting the candidates could be responses of the candidates, of course, behind the scene, and that may not be your interest here. But what is critically the candidates contest on the platform of the political parties or the political affiliation? No, no, no, it's not one of the requirements. There is no integration because, remember, National News Union is not a political platform, but it can be used as a platform to advance a political interest. Right, right. That's why I'm asking this question. So, in our negotiations, we don't need you to say it, you belong to SPLM, or Sano, or are you all the political parties that exist within the country? It's not a requirement. But when you are coming to declare your candidate, you are coming as an individual, those are the requirements, those are the ideas as for the requirement. We don't mind which party members if you belong to, and it's not the position to ask you which political party you belong to. By an insurance, because that does not take away your political affiliation. By an insurance, candidates in his campaign writes or mentioned that he comes from this mighty, this party, Sano or so. What happens? What are the sub-guide here? Can I come in? This now comes to our role. First of all, it's also done National Youth Union is not a political party. It is mentioned in its constitution that if one is engaged in politics, using this, it will be a ground to dissolve it. To disqualify the person and also if the institution itself has engaged in politics, it will be a ground, even for the government to dissolve. Whether by a court order or by a ministerial order, it can be dissolved if you have engaged in politics. So here, we say that this process is transparent, and of course it's free. Why? Starting from when the delegates were sent from all the states and other stakeholders, there has been no complaint of anybody being denied to be a delegate because of political affiliation. We have not received any complaint. Secondly, we have not seen any delegate or a candidate coming to pick the form or to come and start saying that he wants to be a part of this union because he is from this political party. I think, even from the time of our appointment, we never ask ourselves to which party do we belong because it doesn't come into my mind completely to say that if I don't belong to any political party, then I am not a member of the youth of Saturday. Of course, you can be a member of the youth union when you are not even a member of any political party. So here, the elections are going to be fair, free and fair because those who are going to vote are 137 voters because they are the delegates. And this election is going to be conducted during the daytime in front of everybody in the hall, in front of observers, and the result will be announced in the same day. The media hours are invited. So here, there is no way that one would say that it is not free and fair. All is not like elections of the country whereby sometimes you do not know how many people are going to vote until you determine later on through the census or registration. This one, they are 137. But Molana, you know, the condition of fairness and credibility of elections is not only determined by the numbers of the voters. There are other, the process is part of it. All these that we are discussing here determine the end result of this year. Okay, let me, I want to highlight before I come to the minister. Thank you, thank you. You see, when we are looking at the issue of maybe political interference vis-a-vis the upcoming National Youth Convention, we are looking at balancing between two things. One, we are looking at the issue of the regulations that govern the whole process including the issue of even appointing the election committee. If you look at the regulations very well, the regulation is very clear as to what criteria is going to be used to appoint the election committee. Even that appointment process, there is no any part of it where you can suspect that there could be any form of political interference. Secondly, in looking at credible election, free and fair, look at the aspect of, let's say, funding the whole process. The whole process is, but that one I will leave to the Honorable Minister to come in and highlight more. That is the next thing that we are working on. Yes, yes. But there is no room for any of these parties to come in and let's say we are funding this and that the budget purely lies within the budget of the ministry. Yes. But the political parties to whom the candidate may be affiliated because by contesting for this position does not deprive me, does not take away my political affiliation. We agree on that. You could be any party underground, so long you don't mention it, but these things could still be done underground. You know, funding and all these candidates. Yes, yes. You see, when you are looking at issues of politics, remember the right to exercise your political role is guaranteed under the Constitution. Yeah. It involves a lot of mechanism here and there. So there are aspects that the law can cover and there are aspects that really will not, what the law will do is put safeguards like what Molana Medina referred to. Is that when it comes to matters of National Youth Union, the moment you now start buying off the road and now start playing politics, there are precautions to eat, which is very clear. Yes. So I think they are very safe guidelines. The youth should be very confident. The structures that have been put in place has not been structured, the structures that came out of any person's idea. It is well-rooted under the guidelines. Yes. Thank you so much. Thank you. My name is Molana Mugha. To our listeners who are listening to Radio Mariah Roundtable within the country and beyond, we have Honorable Dr. Joseph Geng, the means of youth and sports. In the studio, we have Molana Mugha, a special person of National Youth and Sport Council. We have Molana Medina-Bapaj, a special person of the treasury committee and of course we have the last but very important is the returning officer, a principal returning officer for election committee that is Molana Mugha, a young daughter, a young. Please let go for a break and when we come up, when we come back, I think we shall pick it up from where we are stopping. Thank you so much. One of the questions. The Roundtable is the second time. The Roundtable. 101 FM Radio Mariah, powered by the people, uniting the nation, your preferred station, The Voice of Peace. Thank you so much. You are one, you are one, you are one, you are one, you are one. The Roundtable is the second time. You are the master of disguise and your old blue jeans. You give me truth, you give me lies, you are a mystery, but it is exactly what I like. What I like, I can't pin you down, you like catching open air, you make me laugh out loud, lying in your underworld on your leather couch. I just wanna keep you there, keep you there. All the voices in my head are pushing me right to the end. If this is real love, be there like a thousand drums left, but it's like the heart of the sun left. You the only one that won, I want, I want real love, and me like the heart of the king left. But you really grow my veins left, you the only one that won, but it won't, won. Real love, real love, really, really, really famous. It's the smell of your colone, buy your knife to me. I breathe you in the mama home, give me everything. I'm not afraid of the unknown, of the unknown. There's all the voices in my head are pushing me right to the end. If this is real love, be there like a thousand drums left, but it's like the heart of the sun left. You the only one that won, I want, I want, I want real love, and me like the heart of the king left. But you really grow my veins left, you the only one that won, won, won. [Music] Take the pleasure with the pain, do it all for us, won't you meet me that halfway, don't be scared of love, take the sunshine with the rage, do it all for us. Hey, me like this. [Music] Take a look and touch your heart, is that anyone? [Music] Take it right out, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. [Music] Take it right out, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah. [Music] [Music] Yeah, welcome back from the from the break and you are listening to "Rady Mariah Rantable" with me, Yach Gronk. Before we went for a break, we were discussing the funding issues related to the discussion, and I won the Honorable Minister to highlight on this question because it has been referred to by Mullan Mugha, to the Minister. And then also Minister, as you answered that question, then there is a question that could be linked, I mean, that is appearing very much on the social media and you will get it later on. You know very well that the union federation in the states have been marked by controversies involving state executive leaders in the states, and hence especially in the state union, youth union and so forth, and some examples are out there, especially the uncomfortable relationship that exists between the youth union, I mean, youth union in the states and the executive. So what is the ministry role especially in keeping the youth in the states united and across the country, and how are you handling these issues to do with this, and disagreement between the executive and the union in the states. Thank you so much to Suryad for those two questions. I think I'll start with the easiest, which is the budget, not that that money is very important, but it's straightforward. So the government is funding the youth's convention because as government we are technically ensuring that this crucial event is completed so that young people and youth across the country can elect their leaders and work with the government to achieve the objectives of youth empowerment. We've been fortunate also to receive support, technical and little bit of financial from partners such as Red Cross, service children, planet, national, UN women, Trinity, which is a national company, and Ole Miss, who have agreed to have lived some of the delegates and ministers from the states, some UN agencies, UNDP are still on the fence but hopefully will join. So we have partners who have contributed to the government's budget to make sure that this convention is successful, and this includes technical support which we share, which we acknowledge and are cheerful. Now, to the question around the challenges in the states, first the youth across the country. Before you go to that, just a follow-up question, what is this technical support with financial support and other material support, of course, is very clear. What is this technical support that the partners is helping the government and the youth union to achieve its objective? So we have helped a total of three meetings with partners in my ministry and the youth organizations, including the MacArthur Committee. In those meetings we talked about the program, and this takes me to what we anticipate in the upcoming youth conversion house going to play out. It's very important for our listeners. So this runs for three days, 22nd to 24th, with delegates arriving any time between now and 22nd. On the 22nd and 23rd we have dedicated those days to deliberations on important issues, because youth, just like any other continent, would leave to address the issues in the era now, and also planning for the future. In particular, this country, the government would like the young people and youth who constitute the majority to focus on peace-building, entrepreneurship, which is driving the economy, and playing meaningful role in addressing the contemporary challenges, and helping the government to lay the foundation for sustainable peace in the future. So this discussion is crucial before we can go to elections, because it's not a transaction, it's a process where we are discussing as young people, what is the role of youth? How can they participate in nation-building? The 24th will conclude with elections, announcement of results, and then our president, the excellency, will come to grace the day of the closing and have a conversation with the elected and all the youth. Yes. So the convention in itself is not entirely about elections. It's more of empowering the youth, it's more of educating the youth, it's more of enhancing interactions among the youth, the elected and the delegates and the leadership of the youth in the national level. Precisely, this is why we're calling it a convention. It's a conversation by young people across the country. To be educated about the government policies, how they can contribute to those policies, what is their role in helping the government to address some of the challenges we have now suggest in the economy. We would like this 70% of the population to be participating in the economy. So we're going to talk about what are the opportunities for participating in the economy, what are the opportunities for participating in national development. So this is a conversation by young people and elections is just a small part of it. To your question about the administrative challenges in the states. So the youth union, this is the third union that we're talking about. And as a minister, we've realized that perhaps in the setup of this convention, of this youth union, there were structural challenges that may have led to challenges we see in the states now, starting with what is the agenda of the youth union. So if you have a structure of youth with a four development, it's likely that politics will come in because people will engage in politics anyway. And this is going to be different with this youth union because we are structuring the youth union to focus on social economic development rather than politics. In the states where we had administrative challenges, we will be working with the national youth and sports council to address these challenges. And with the newly elected youth leadership because some of these challenges are too remote for us at national level to be pro-capired with because the youth union that we are replacing now had its time ending and it only follows that you have legitimate newly elected youth leaders to work with a youth and sports council, go to the states and address some of these challenges. Some of them, some of the challenges have to do with the elections following the regulations and this would mean that the states and the national youth union, near elected youth union and the council work together to address it. So far, that process has not impacted negatively on the upcoming youth convention. We believe that all the delegates that have come have been endorsed and are actually endorsed by the ministers of youth and sports in the states as well as the respective governments or she has been treated. This is to ensure that the delegates are people who represent the youth organizations in the state and that the authorities there ensure inclusivity and that youth are supported to delegate those that represent the diversity in those states. Thank you very much, Hon. Rolmensta, Mullana Mogga. This is a critical year especially in democratic transition in the country. This is a year that the national youth union is conducting elections. This is the year that our leaders are talking and working very hard so that we have national elections that will take us to a next level as the country. And agreeing with me that the youth constitute over 70% of the population, meaning it is about the future. The upcoming elections, national elections is about the future of the youth in South Sudan. So as part of the ministry, what is the ministry doing to prepare the youth for December 2024? Thank you, thank you for that question. It is true that this year is critical for the democratic space and for people to exercise their constitutional rights to decide all who of their leaders they would want to lead this country. When it comes to the youth, I can say that, and actually going back to the upcoming convention, this convention is going to play a critical role in one bringing the delegates together. And number two is also to among the program for the convention is, there is going to be a lot of experts who will be coming there. They will engage the youth in talks. I believe there will be a lot of eye-opening events that will happen there. I think this is a good opportunity for the youth to take advantage of it. And I've been talking to them, I've been telling them that they should not take this convention lightly because whatever is going to happen there is going to play a big role, including opening their eyes to the upcoming elections. So, what I can say is looking at what is on the table now. That is the convention, preparations have been done. The programs have been set, and I believe part of that will be matters touching on the upcoming elections as far as the youth are concerned. Thank you. Thank you very much. What would the successful organization of the conduct of elections mean to the national elections, to the upcoming national elections? If you successfully conduct the national union elections, they are successfully conducted. What would that mean to the upcoming national elections? Thank you, Dr. H. once again. The successful conducts of the national union convention or elections, 2020, the third convention will be like to be a little mass for the youth, and to show to the country that the youth are organized and used already for the general election. What can be done, the linkage or the link between the national union and the 2024 national election is that when this one has been done successfully, it can be to the partners, as the minister was saying before, that actually the partners can get a trust that it can be done, the election can be successful done, and it will be a kind of good news to the national election commission, where when you do a credible process, you are likely to have a credible election. That is the events. So, when it is properly or successful conducted, it will tell the national to the country, such that sauce done can be ready and is possible to conduct a national election. On time, when you put the process to start, and make sure you monitor and make the regression that I replaced, the instrument that I replaced through this event. So, the process will be successful in national or in summary. A successful national union election will be an indication that if the election are done, it is possible to have also a credible and transparent and fair election. So, if youth are given opportunity, if youth can conduct the election successfully with no issues, major issues, then if given opportunity to contribute to the national elections, then that would be an indication, a credit that they can be able, they will be able to organize. Are you doing it with all your energy and maybe positioning yourself to be a returning officer for national elections, or coming national elections? Thank you, thank you for that question. There is already a returning officer. The names are for the principle returning of the care of the electoral commission. And I'm sure Professor Akok is listening somewhere. He has already been appointed, and me declaring myself in the studio will have already results of trying to coo him on his appointment or trying to influence the president to revoke his appointments, which I would not like to do. Having said that, the youth like you said 70% of the population, and the 137 represent us. So, if the 137 represent 70% of the youth, and they can be done, it's successful, credible, that means the same 70%, if they are given opportunity, and then the process is credible, I mean, the process influences the clear guidelines that you like to have a credible election in 2024, because the 107 are the representatives of the 70%. Thank you. To all our listeners within the country and beyond, you will be able to have an input in this discussion, session, session, or you can call us or text us or send your messages on the social media pages of Redim Raya, and on air you can call us 0.0929686297, or you can call us on 0.0912062950, or 0.0912062079. To the teaching professionals in the studio, that is, Molana, Josep, Honorable Josep, and Mading, and I don't know of the two, maybe they could be teaching, but the question that I'm asking is somewhat related to the constitution-making process. The constitution-making process, as you may know and/or know, is underway with the reconsideration of the NCRC, and its operation has already begun. We have seen NCRC beginning its work with the workshops and other communication that we have seen, then given the political issue that affect the youth lives and future of youth in the country, Honorable Minister. Are youth in your responsibility prepared to participate in the constitution-making process? And if they are so, as you may tell us, how synthesized are the youth in nationwide with regard to the December 20 elections and a constitution-making process that is underway? Thank you very much, Dr. Yard. The youth and young people, we say young people, by the way, to account for the likes of youth. For some of us. The districts and 50, yes. The youth and young people are eager and have demonstrated the ignorance to participate in constitution-making process, and you could see that in terms of workshops, a few weeks into my appointment, I opened a workshop on youth charter and constitution. Where young people have gathered to discuss the issues in the upcoming constitution. As a teacher of constitutional law myself, I have seen that interest among the youth and young people who constitute majority of my students, and also the many engagement we've had in terms of seminars and workshops. And because the sheer number of our country's population is under 30, that's 70%. If we're talking about, if you get 10 people, 7 would be young, 7 would be youth. It's evident that youth are interested in participating in this. So what are the opportunities that are your questions? Yes. The civic education will be led by young people, whether this is done through the National Election Commission or other bodies, that we need the young people. In terms of manpower, in terms of reaching out, in terms of materials that would be used to educate people on the constitution. More crucially, we are having a dedicated session in our upcoming youth convention on youth in constitution. So we'll have an expert from the UN who would, and the National Constitution Review Commission. And CRC. And CRC, who do a presentation on youth in constitution making, so that it is unpacked to the youth. What is this constitution making? How can they participate? What is their role in promoting constitutionalism? So we are glad and happy that we have this opportunity where young people come across 10 states and administrative areas to converge in Cuba to talk about, you know, how to elect their leaders, but also how to participate in the constitution, how to participate in peace building, how to participate in economic development. So these are opportunities that, as a ministry, as in charge of the majority of our country's population, it's glad to pursue with our partners. And this is crucial that we're talking about youth convention at a time when we have elections. I have heard you talk about this being a preparedness test for the election. And indeed, the skeptics will be proven wrong that absolutely the country is ready for elections, and as much as others might see contrary. Because the youth, you know, coming to this convention and having these elections, you know, credible, free, and fair, should indicate that if the 70 percent of the country's population is ready for elections, I think that it is possible. And of course, that's to the standards that is reasonably possible in this context. Okay, a wonderful minister, before I come to Milan, I have been served for a few months now in the youth docket that is being at the top of this responsibility. And with the population that you have been reacted to with on social media and ever meeting that you have gone to, and some who have come to you individually, you might have identified some constitutional issues that need highlighting in the constitution-making process. And you being the constitutional lawyer yourself before, even before taking over this responsibility, you might have identified some constitutional issues that need attention of the whole country and go to the constitution-making process. And what could these issues be if you have identified some issues that are related to the youth of course, that need to be given attention, more attention, so that youth are in power, and youth are given responsibility to govern themselves through their representative of course. I think that what we see and what young people would like to focus in is social economic aspects of our constitution, the right to education, house, not the social welfare. This is crucial because social economic stability helps in giving young people space to educate themselves, to acquire skills, and to be participants in development. This has been echoed by many young people in this government. We've realized that this is important and that's why conversations have been run up around. When we talk about constitution-making, it's not just the power structure around the constitution. As we know, there are many aspects of the constitution that includes power, bill of rights, but in particular the social economic rights. This is also the space where young people would like to be represented in this. We must acknowledge and appreciate our president for appointing young people into his government. I'm one of them and that's why I've extended also to these young people here. Are you a good yourself? I have actually now appointed all of these young people here. You than young people, let me say. But we can see that even before elections that our president acknowledges that disability percent must be engaged. That's why a majority is a significant number of young people. It's also young people saying we would like to be participants in governance, which has been started and these were elections. We might see many young people also interested in buying for positions. Very quickly, a wonderful minister. There is this complaint on social media and even in social gathering with regard to employment and unemployment in South Sudan. The major employing, of course, is the government as we talk now, but the second rate is the private sector, as you would understand. With NGOs in the states and even at national level, the youth complain of not being involved in the foreign investment sector, be they private or humanitarian. When you go to NGO Act, I think 2016 or something like that, 2016, 17, something like that. It gives the South Sudan nationals over 80% or 80% of employment. Then almost 20% should be expatriated if they are in investors and all these. What I'm trying to kneel on is that when you go to the private sector, the majority are young, of course, but not necessarily young as South Sudan is. Then there are South Sudanese universities graduating hundreds and hundreds, thousands, and the same with all the other universities, private and national universities. These are on the streets. What are you doing with regard to this Honorable Minister? Just very quickly. Very quickly, thank you very much. The Ministry of Youth and Sports work with other ministries, and we have three main priorities for engaging young people. The first is sports. By the way, it's not fun. It's economic because when you play these days, actually the players are the most paid. Really like to be a player, but I don't think the time has gone. In sports, we have developed, and this will be passed by the couple very soon, sports development policy, where we would like to invest in government, a significant amount of money in infrastructure, training, so that many young people are absorbed into sports. So that they generate revenue, but also peace building and social cohesion. The second part, which is very important, is youth entrepreneurship. This a bit percent must participate, or is going to be encouraged to participate in economic development. If you go around now, the market is dominated by non-South Sudanese. That must change, and will change in the future. We're not saying that we do the mean way, but the young people must be innovative to take up the market. To compete with the, and we will facilitate them to compete because it's them to drive the economy. But how does this happen? It begins with skills development, which is why we're focusing on skills together without the ministries, such as education and the rest. But it's also beginning with the mindset that these young people must invent, start business. And that business grows slowly. There's no quick way to get, you know, rich. You have to be patient, you have to work hard, you have to innovate, you have to collaborate. So youth unemployment comes with, in fact, that our economy is dependent on foreignness, and that must change. When South Sudanese, these young people go to the market and dominate it and lead the market, then that will enhance the employability of our young people with the skills that are producing the universities and elsewhere. Thank you so much. Malana Medina, and before I give each one of you a half a minute, Malana Medina, your contribution is special with the constitution-making process, youth involvement and so forth. In two minutes. Okay, thank you, Dr. Yay. I think as mentioned by the Honorable Minister, you know, this is actually very important. For the young people in South Sudan to participate in the constitution-making process. You know, when we say constitution-making process, there are so many aspects that are involved, including the employment, including the ownership of us, including the empowerment in terms of cooperative societies, land and assistance, and other things. So here in South Sudan, you can see that even when the laws are written, sometimes there are some laws that can put young South Sudanese at the point of witness. It's because by the time of making these laws, there were no consultation, and there were no participation of the young people, so that they can actually contribute to what do they want, what future do they want. So, take example, the employment law, what we call the labor act. If you read it to the end, you will find that it is mandatory that any employer, that employee is South Sudanese or any other person, you must have a written contract. And in fact, given the Parliament has drafted a contract to be part of that law. They attach it. But if you go around now, you will find that somebody use any other template which excludes some other rights or individuals, and they are not protected. So if you read that law, you will find that if you die, as an employee, you die at the work, the compensation, or the kind of treatment that would be given to you, is not mentioned in that law. So it is because some of the laws are made without consultation, in which some youth could even contribute to what future do they want. Thank you so much, Molana Medying. And I'd now turn to our listeners to make their calls and contribute to the discussion. Let's see this one and get yourself ready to get down the questions. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. I think there is a problem with this line. Let me go to questions and let me try this. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. There is a problem with this line. Try another line, the caller, if you are the same caller. There is a question from James Roy, my joke in the United States, Ben Thio. Why youth are not being involved to participate in the current government? St. Pete's agreement was signed by Warring parties. I see there is no active participation from the youth. This is a question, and this may go to the Minister here. We have my own world, my own world from the University of Barakazar. My question to the guests in the studio is what can be done to strengthen youth in the process of nation building and seeing the majority of youth are illiterate, who do not even know what to do when it comes to nation building. That is my question. Let me receive this call again. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. Hello. Okay, let me try another line. We have a question from Albino Orazio in Cuba. First, why youth union in South Sudan are politicized instead of being independent? In partial and non-political organization that supports the supposed to work tirelessly with the youth regardless of ethnic group, race, religion, sex and political affiliation. Second question, what are the criteria used to select state and administrative areas delegate? Because some states and administrative areas, leaders select delegates, members from their respective ethnic groups, and leave the rest. This is very important. Molana Madding will have to handle this. Why are the youth from other political parties burned from participating for this convention and only as fellow members control a championship? This is now to the retaining officer. You denied this before. This is your court now. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. Hello. There must be a problem with the lines, yeah. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. Hello. Okay, our technicians are working towards correcting this issue. Let me continue with reading as you try. This is the Taboos Chup, both one in the United State Binti, seen after the civil war broke out in 2013, some of the youth migrate to another countries and some are in IDP scheme, because youth are not those who are in Cuba city only, each of every state has one. So, the question is, what is your courage to the youth who are listening? I think this is the question it could be. What is your encouragement to the youth who are listening to your voice now? This will go to me. Why the youth should not participate in the nation building? What are the challenges that are facing them? This will go to Molana Madding. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. It is unfortunate that I am unable to connect you with the callers. Let me come to text messages. Joke call Yom Did from Kojok, South Spayam. My question goes to the minister, Honorable Mr. What are your plan to recognize youth into upcoming elections and giving the space in different institutions to participate? Honorable Minister, there is question from you. Let me receive this call. Hello, Adam Raya. Hello. Hello, Adam Raya. Thank you so much. It is correct. Yes, your question and your name. Okay, the mama dawora. Oh, mama dawora, fittorit. In tittorit. I tittorit, yes. I came to Ravek. I came to Ravek. Mm. I came to Ravek. Mm. I came to Ravek. Mm. I came to Ravek. Mm. 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