Gemara Markings Daf Yomi
Bava Basra 7
Vavamud-based, seven lines from the bottom, it's Mar. And as I mentioned, this fee will probably be going with some of the pictures. So highly recommended to get yourself a pay-risk buy. So when I mention the number, you can follow along. I'll try to describe it a little bit also. So it, Mar. [NON-ENGLISH SPEECH] You have two-- what do you want to call it, a courtyard? Just a sort of an open area that shires to private property. One is at a higher level than the other. So let's say this is like picture 102. Picture 102, here's a hotzer, here's a hotzer. Now, there's going to be a wall that's going to be built, and that wall can be built. Who has to pay for the building of that wall? [NON-ENGLISH SPEECH] I'm a rafuna, I circled rafuna. And one line later, I circled rafrista. Rafuna says like this-- [NON-ENGLISH SPEECH] So the lower hotzer starts building from what is his ground level, which is the lower ground level, and goes up until he gets to the level of the upper hotzer. And he pays for that himself. The El-Yeun, then the upper hotzer, who, I mean, it's obviously not going to help unless it's for Amis above the upper hotzer, but then Bona Mi-Kinedo Veola. He'll Bona Mi-Kinedo Veola. The tachton pays 100% for his wall. Once we get to the level of the upper hotzer, then they split it from here and up. OK, because certainly it's a benefit to this one, and a benefit to this one, but the lower part, the part that is below ground level of the upper hotzer, is really only necessary for the lower hotzer guy. Rafrista, I circled rafrista, Rafrista says, the El-Yeun Missa-Yeun Milamata, who Bona. One second here. There's no way this wall is getting built from ground level of the upper hotzer and higher, unless the lower part was built. So the upper fell is going to have to contribute to the building of the lower part of the wall. Tanya Kavas, Rafrista, Rafrista, Rafrista, two lines, starts here that supports Rafrista. She Chateres, Zula Malemizou, same exact cases, what we have, Loyo Marha El-Yeun. The upper hotzer guy cannot say it's the lower guy. Listen, I need a wall from my ground level and up, and therefore, Haringi Bona, Mee-Keneg Di-vella, I'll build from my ground level and up. Where did they think he's putting his wall? El-Yeun Missa-Yeun Milamata, who Bona has to help out, with the lower hotzer guy, to get it up to the level of the upper hotzer floor, which is a total support for what we just said. V'im Haisa Chasera, Lemala Mee-Gagai, sha-kavere. Here we have a hotzer and have a hotzer. If you have, I don't even have a picture, I guess, maybe this one. But if you have, and this is a very steep grade, this person's hotzer is actually above the roof of somebody else, not Khatsar de Khatsar, where they have the same level of use, but rather, hotzer, not only above the hotzer, but like way above, where he can only look on to his gag, then Enozakugloi. There, it doesn't require, at least for the, the Hezekreia issue, a wall to be there. The Gamorna is going to bring, till we get to Xainamut Bayes, four scenarios or four cases, and each one of them is going to start off with the term either Ha'hu or Ha'no. Let's put a diamond around this Ha'no-hu. There were these two guys, and we'll see what happens with them momentarily. And I put a number one in the margin. On Zion Amadalif, about 15, 16 lines down. Last word on the line is Ha'hu. That gets a diamond around it, with a number two in the margin. And we'll go over it again also at the area there. On the first wide line in the Gamara, right at the end of the line, it says Ha'no-hu. That can say diamond. And that's the third scenario. And the fourth scenario is where you flip the page after the two dots, on about the sixth or seventh line, Ha'hu-Stara. Put a diamond around Ha'hu. And we're going to see there's similarities between these cases. The main one for us is going to be Ravhama. In each one of these cases, Ravhama is going to pipe up and say something. And we're going to deal with it like that. So here's the first case. Ha'no-hu, Baitre, this is picture 111 in the parish guy. Picture 111, this is the way it originally looked. You had an upper story and a lower story, owned by one person. That person had a few kids. That person died, leaving it to his kids to inherit. And now the orphans, the two brothers, they're going to split it. Sa'no-hu, Baitre, Dehavu, Dairi, they were living because they split it. And it was Khadhavi Dairi, Ila, Ila, Khadhavi Dairi. That's why. One took the upper unit, one took the lower unit. And everything was fine. However, it's bar, or maybe it should be it's bus, but essentially it kind of sunk. The entire building started sinking and then stopped, but it sunk somewhat into the ground. Now the upper guy is fine, lower guy, not exactly fine. That's his front door. So Amrlei Tatoyliloy, the lower fellow, says to the upper fellow, listen, ta vinivne, we're building gonna work for the two of us. We have to like break it down and build it up again, hopefully with better foundations. Amrlei, the upper fellow, the guy who lives in the upper story, says, no, no, I'm fine with everything just the way it is. Anna, shop your car, Dehirna, which is true. He's fine up here. But that one. - He's close to the ground floor. - There you go. Amrlei, so the other fellow, the one who's downstairs, says, all right, how about this? Ivneh Anna, like, I'll build it, my expense. I'm not gonna, well, the two of us will split it. Like, I'll pay for everything. Amrlei, so the fellow upstairs, I mean, they are brothers. They're called Reuben and Schumann, says, lacely dukhta le me derpau. It's a bit of a problem, though. If you like, destroy it, the building is his right now. As long as it takes, I don't have anywhere else to live. Amrlei, so says the fellow on the bottom, the brother on the bottom. Anna, au revoir dukhta, no problem, bro. I'll rent you somewhere and you could be there for the time being. Amrlei, says the upper brother, that's such a hassle. I don't wanna move to this, a new place, low. Tarakna, I don't want the hassle of that. Amrlei's, a few Amrlei's added in before each one of these. Amrlei, okay, low ka mitzidar lei. Well, like, I can't live like this. How am I supposed to live in the lower unit if I can't even really live normally? Amrlei's, it says the upper brother back. Well, listen, you'll have increased upper body strength by bending down and crawling into your unit and sort of bending down and crawling out of unit. Shavacrasech, bend down into your belly and go in. Shavacrasech and kind of bend down your belly who poking, come out. Okay, who's right over here? Who has the rights? And I remember it's an interesting case. The fact that it's two brothers, neither of them has a kazak of the way things were. They got it from dad, however this one got it from dad. That's how he got it, the other one, that's how he got it. Amrlei of chamen, we circle to chamen. We have rlei of chamen, each one of these four scenarios. Rlei of chamen says bedina kamake. Listen, it might not be nice. Might yes be nice, I don't know, but the upper brother is able to say, sorry, we're not destroying this building. There is one exception though. How low can this thing sink till where it is clear that the lower brother doesn't have anything and they would have to destroy and rebuild it? Hani Mili de lo Matuk Shuri Lamatsa Maasara. All this is in the context of, and this is pretty low, but that the ceiling beams, like in picture 113 of the lower unit, which is the floor of the upper unit, are not lower than 10 from the floor. Now, 10 fakim is very small, it's about two and a half feet. But if it is, a Val Matuk Shuri Lamatsa Maasara, if the beams are, let's say, nine or eight, it's fakim off the ground on the lower level. Matzia Marlay, then there is a valid claim that the lower fellow can say, Lamatsa Maasara, one second. My rishos, it might have been 10 foot ceilings, nine foot ceilings, eight foot ceilings. However, once my ceiling gets less than 10 fakim from my floor, you're already encroaching on me because there's no way that you even consider something rishos if it's less than 10 fakim, which means that once these ceiling beams are lower than 10, you upstairs are encroaching on me, and therefore did you who will loin me shtab et laks, and that's not mishuba to you, and there's no way, therefore, that you can say, just keep things the way they are. Vahani Mili, all of this that we said, though, is dalot asnu gabi ha dadi, that if they didn't make any conditions when they split. Two brothers, you take this, I'll take that, fine. Now, you might say, well, isn't it understood? Well, you should have gotten a lawyer, or you should have spoken it out, but if you did get a good Jewish lawyer, you probably paid for it all, so you would have had a whole addendum of conditions, and of al-asnu gabi ha dadi, if they did make conditions when they split it, like, you know, we gotta keep it the same way it was when that was there or something like that, then sasnu gabi ha dadi, then certainly it'd be able to destroy it and rebuild it if a situation like this occurs. Okay. (speaking in foreign language) Add kama, well, let's say they did make it tonight. They split it, there were 10-foot ceilings in the lower unit. Let's say it's now nine feet. Is that acceptable? Eight feet? It is, what's the cutoff point? So, vihyasnu dadi, add kama. Amuraban and I half-boxed the rabbanan, we're gonna have raba, respond to them in about three, four lines. So, the rabbanan said, in the presence of raba, michme, and they were quoting Marzutrop, raider of Na'fmen, dar michme, dar of Na'fmen. Well, it would be kai sashishaninu. You know what would be considered grounds for destroying it and rebuilding it? Like, the tinek source, it's about five words. I box it off, rumoi kakatsu yarko, kakatsu yarko. And interestingly enough, that's in the context of the codesh of the base amigdosh. It was 20 amis wide and 40 amis long. And the way that you figure out the height of what the typical building should be, if that matter any room, the width is 20, the depth was 40. So, 20 plus 40 is 60, divided by 230, and what was the height? 30, that's right, 30 amis. So, if the height falls below that ratio, whatever the width of the room, plus the depth of the room divided by two is, then that's grounds for breaking down the building and rebuilding it. Amalu rava, or raba, or maybe rava, it gives a change to rava. I half-boxed the, maybe, rava. He's not happy with this opinion of the rabana. What are you bringing in the codesh of the base amigdosh into this discussion for? Lava minalu, haven't I told y'all, lotistly, bey, buki, sriki, bey dravnakhmin, stop hanging empty bottles, or for that matter, krum as far as on the sheet of rava nakhmin. Don't make unreasonable statements, he's not around anymore, and I can't imagine he would have said that. Hochia maravnakhmin, you know what rava nakhmin said? It's not a ratio if you take it to width end by the length divided by two as a height, kita dairianchi. Like people usually, whatever standard ceiling size is. I don't know what is that here in Israel's feet. Eight and a half feet, 90, 240, 220. So if it gets to like, I don't know, 190, that's already below what people live in. Vikama, how much is that? Amalu funa braider of Yeshua. Kihei de ily, the sheer that the gamara gives is so that you can have an Isurisa de Meghuza v'hadr. It's a beautiful picture of this in picture 116, but it's basically, if you imagine a guy carrying, I would call it, you know, that you have, let's say, the standard size Skakhmat. I don't know, is it, say, two meters, 1.5 meters? - 2.1. - Okay, 2.1, standard size Skakhmat, and you take it and you do a little twirl around, up, down, right, left, and as long as you can do that without hitting the floor and the ceiling, that's the standard size. That's actually pretty true. It was a standard size Skakhmat, I don't know what, this is a bundle of reads or a bundle of bamboo sticks. Whatever that standard size was, which is approximately, I don't know, a foot or two taller than a person's height, that is then what would be considered normal height. So as long as you could twirl it around and up and down, I don't know what the height of this was, but that was the way of saying that's unreasonable at, not just around this way, but around up, down, and side to side, and it wouldn't hit, in other words, they're basically saying that if this is seven feet, so it has to be at least seven feet tall, and then that would work. Here's the second case. Ahu, we put a diamond around this Ahu, this is the number two in the margin. Oh, Gavra, this was not two brothers, we'll go back to the cases of two brothers, but you had this fellow. (speaking in foreign language) Oh, boy. Eberly Relations, Picture 117. This building is owned by one person, this courtyard is owned by somebody else. Mr. Courtyard owner decides to build a wall, well this window isn't there, but there is a window over here. Now you can imagine that look out at the window and the beautiful view, and honey, when did that guy build the brick wall like right in front of our window? So what happens over there? Amalay, so the fellow who's got the house, says to Mr. Wall guy, come offlessly, making my whole house dark. He blocked off the light from my window. Amalay, Mr. Wall guy says, listen, I really need my wall. Maybe the name was Donald's, he really wants the wall, the wall is gonna be built, the wall is gonna stay, but he says, how about this? Amalay, (speaking in foreign language) You know what I'll do? True, I blocked off life to this wall. I'll bang through your current wall and build you a wall that's higher, and I'll pay for it, it's on me. Good, (speaking in foreign language) I'll make for you a window, (speaking in foreign language) that goes above the height of my wall. Amalay, the fellow has the house, says, who, who, one second here? (speaking in foreign language) You, with your jackhammer banging out the stones to get that space for the window, you're gonna weaken my wall. I don't want that. Amalay, so says the wall fellow. Well, how about this? (speaking in foreign language) I will actually, not bang out a hole in the wall, I'll break down the height of your wall, (speaking in foreign language) until the place where the window is, (speaking in foreign language) and then I'll build it up a new, (speaking in foreign language) La Elle, now she's fine, I'll make sure that there's a brand new window above the height of where the height of my wall is. Amalay, he says back, well, (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) That's wonderful, so you wanna sort of break down about a half the height of my wall and then build it up, that doesn't work so well. Is anyone knows about building, you build whatever you build at the same time, it works well, you break something down and build something new, not always, is it, go together well, (speaking in foreign language) will not stay as well. Amalay, so this is, all right, listen to this. I will, (speaking in foreign language) I'll actually take this wall of your house, I will break it down all the way to the ground, (speaking in foreign language) and I'll build it all the way back up, (speaking in foreign language) and I'll put a brand new beautiful window above the height of my wall. He really wants his wall, as you can see. Amalay says back, the fellow owns the house, well, one second here. You said what, you're gonna break down one of the walls of my house and build it back, what about the other walls of my house? (speaking in foreign language) You have one new wall, (speaking in foreign language) getting shot and dimmed up with a house that's, I don't know, 40, 50, 60 years old, (speaking in foreign language) will not stand as well. Amalay, yep, that's right, this is, things have been offered that you can't refuse. The next offer, Amalay, (speaking in foreign language) Okay, fine, I will raise to the ground your entire house, (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) and I'll build your whole new house with window above the level on the top of my wall. This is really unbelievable, everybody says back, sorry, that's right, Amalay, Lacey, (speaking in foreign language) Well, what do you expect me to do while you're doing all these, she puts in, Amalay, (speaking in foreign language) How about this, I will rent you somewhere to be during the intern period. Amalay says back, well, (speaking in foreign language) like it, it's different gears here, but that's a hassle, I gotta move everything out and then come back. - Sounds like the modern day could really do it. (speaking in foreign language) - And still, they sometimes they refuse, they're not gonna do it, but you get enough of the people in the building to do it, and they can vote them out, and sometimes you have a stubborn few people, but here though, it's just for a wall, I mean, it's supposed to be a very important wall. If it's the (speaking in foreign language) I don't know, (speaking in foreign language) and I started with chama, and this is the second case, so it's where a chama says, again, not that it's recommended or good for neighborly relations, but that person who owns the house, (speaking in foreign language) if he could say, no, I'm not interested in like, take your wall down, you know what wasn't there before, take your wall down, okay, so he could be a market. Wasn't that essentially what Chama said in the first case, that even if it might not be so reasonable, you can make a cave, the upper brother can say, we're not building a new building, we're not gonna break it all down, even though you're gonna get me, you'll pay for the rent for the year in between, so the Gamour now has high new hah, it seems that this is almost identical to the first case where a chama said, vahasu lamali, which the question then is, why do we need this whole case? It's an interesting case, it's a few nice pictures, but what's the principle that we need it for? Well, hakamash malan, the hitishes like this, we've been assuming, and I probably should've even said it that way, this is where he lives, it's not even where he lives, this is the makhsan where he keeps his sakh and hay, and even then he could make that sort of protest. Afa kahfdala mishthamish, ela latifna, vitzivi, even though he only uses that place for straw, or twigs, or woodba alma, still he can insist he doesn't want this fellow's wall there. There's property rights that someone has, even if they're not necessarily using it, what you would think they'd be using it for right now, they still retain those rights. Third case, put a diamond around this hanau, put a three in the margin, hanau bei trei ahi, here we're back to two brothers. De palgi bahadya dadi, they split in a state of their deceased father. Now their deceased father had a beautiful home, and a beautiful front garden, that's what he had. Khad matya aspilida. One brother took the aspilida, it's like a large house, and some trends say it's a mansion. Here it is, picture 120. I don't know if that's exactly what it looked like, but that's the way the artist decided to draw it. Khad matya, tabiza, the other one took a beautiful garden, which is also in picture 120. Again, I don't know if it's exactly the way it looked, but it was something like that. Okay, what did Mr. Garden brother do as soon as he got possession of that garden? Azal hahu de matya, tabiza, the one who got the garden. Vikabani ashisa apuma da aspilida. That's right, he built himself a large clay cell, it sort of does look like the clay cell, directly in front of the mansion. Why he did that, don't ask, but he did that. Does he have the right to do that, or not do that? Well, certainly the fellow had the house with all these nice windows, again in the picture, he has some windows, but I didn't take a house that had a wall right in front of it and I took a house that had the open windows, I'm gonna come off with some light. So the brothers got the house, could say, well, you're making it like very dark for me, especially before there was electricity in homes and light bulbs. Amar lay, well, since the brother who's got the garden, bididi kabanina. Hey, listen, I'm building in my property, I didn't go into your property. Now, again, it's pretty clear when you have previous kazokas, like there's no way that if this fellow had a kazaka with the light, and he was just one person, the other, like, non-related person had the garden, you can't build in front of somebody else's window. We're talking about a case where the brothers split it, and usually the assumption is when you split it, you get that and only that, and you haven't established a kazaka yet, so that you're very limited in what you're able to do. Well, what do we say over here? Amar al-Fhamma, circle drop chama, this is the third case where chama comes to comment on, bididi kabanina. Yep, you know what, Mr. Garden fellow? Same, same good. It is not be good midos, but he can have his wall, and he can keep his wall there. Amar al-Ravina al-Ravashi. One second. How's this different than another case that we have? Maishna Ghad-Tessanya, we have a price that goes 'til the end of the next line, and seems not like this. It says, "Shnei haqin shikalku." We had two brothers who split. Now, what they're gonna be splitting over here is a field of their father. Their father loved fresh bread, and he loved wine. So, he had a vineyard, and he also had a grain field. (speaking in foreign language) One of the two brothers takes the vineyard. (speaking in foreign language) Stay love, and the other one takes the grain field, the wheat field. (speaking in foreign language) Well, the brother that took the vineyard is actually entitled to Arba Ama, his best day love on. Four Amas into the stay love on. Why is that? (speaking in foreign language) We're not gonna be worried about crying so much over here. (speaking in foreign language) And I (speaking in foreign language) More that when you work a vineyard, a lot of times it would bring a large oxen with a wagon, and you would need that border area as a access route to get to the vineyard. And therefore, he's entitled to it. (speaking in foreign language) Yeah, and we have this also, we do it. So, bottom line, it seems like over there that one of the brothers is entitled to something in the other one's space, or the other one's property, or it actually wasn't the other ones. It was all the fathers, it was the father's vineyard, it was the father's grain field. And therefore, shouldn't the house brother be entitled to some sort of light that he had previously? Well, Amalay, Cesar of Hama, or I guess maybe Cesar of Ashi back to Ravina, Hassan Al-Ula Hadadi. He says, no, what's going on over here when you split the vineyard, and you split the grain field, is where they made a financial compensation. They worked at the basic value of each one, and whichever one is worth more, that brother played the difference, or paid what would make it equal to the other brother. So we say then, one second. What about our mansion case? You really tell me two brothers. One guy took the seven million dollar mansion, the other one took the, I don't know, $300,000 garden as beautiful as it is. Have al-Hakamai, what are we gonna say? (speaking in foreign language) They didn't make some sort of compensation for whoever got the less valuable one. (speaking in foreign language) We're talking about total fools or idiots. (speaking in foreign language) This one takes a huge mansion. (speaking in foreign language) And the other one takes as beautiful as the garden might be, just a garden. (speaking in foreign language) And they didn't make a financial compensation? True, that they must have made a financial compensation. But again, we're gonna come on to that when two brothers inherit from a father, they're inheriting it as it was previously the fathers, meaning they don't have any previous hazakas in it. (speaking in foreign language) Demé, there was a compensation to compensate for the value of the living, the kshuri, the haduri. Notice all the building material that it takes to build a house, the bricks and the beams. However, the demé avira, the value of having that open air space that's not assumed to have been part of the split, la, la, la, la, la, la, study. Now there's no question again, if they got good Jewish lawyers or they themselves said it, on tonight that I still have the rights to the windows and the air outside of it, then for sure you couldn't build the well, but without that, it's not so clear. Okay, well one second over here. Why can't the brother who got the mansion say, I didn't get a mansion, you're not giving me a mansion, you're giving me like a storage facility without windows? And that's different. (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) You basically split it and I said I'd get the mansion. (speaking in foreign language) But now by you building a wall right in front of the windows, you have made a day into a enderuna. So (speaking in foreign language) You're a shimmy, barashi. Well, (speaking in foreign language) This is always a strange today, a source, right? I find it a little bit hard sometimes to understand, but there is the ability to give something a name. Let's say my first car, my first car was called my Benz, my Mercedes Benz. It was a 1984 Ford Escort, but I called it Schmoo's Benz. Now why do I call it a Benz? So that's just what I called it. Or for that matter, you have this a lot. And you bring someone back to a friend of yours, just to marry it to your palace. Your palace is like a one room rundown apartment on the 13th floor of some building, but it's called the palace. When you have a name for something, it gives it a significance. And (speaking in foreign language) And doing that and having a precedent for this, and we had this at the end of Mitzi also. There's a bracelet that goes for about four lines. (speaking in foreign language) Two people, one says to the other. (speaking in foreign language) I'm gonna say you base core offer. You know what's free? I'm gonna say you the acre farms that I have. And you're thinking you saw this? Great, it's probably an acre, right? That's what you're thinking. (speaking in foreign language) Even if it's only half an acre, he dewy the deal stands, (speaking in foreign language) When I was selling you acre farms, it wasn't 'cause it was an acre. (speaking in foreign language) It had to be known by some people as acre farms, even though it was half an acre, or part a sunny microlock. Part aces specifically, I think you should remind him, which sounds like a pomegranate orchard is what I'm selling you. But I didn't say pomegranate, just part aces. Now, you're assuming there's pomegranate trees in there. Why else would we call the part aces? I'll probably shame by reminding me, even though there's no pomegranates, he geared the deal stand, (speaking in foreign language) You see the sign, it says out there. Schmuel's part aces. There's no pomegranate trees in there. (speaking in foreign language) Or (speaking in foreign language) Vineyard, Schmuel's vineyard. (speaking in foreign language) Martha's vineyard. Yeah, I know Martha was, it's her vineyard. Are there any vines there? I don't know if there's any vines there, but even if there's no vines there, it's known as Martha's vineyard. (speaking in foreign language) He geared the deal stand, (speaking in foreign language) Who do you miss Greek karma? Okay, so what do we see from the, that's the end of the snake's horse, but it's pretty clear that if something has a name, even though that might not be like a valid description of it, but it works. The quarantined man says, well, one second. You can't compare that to this. (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) Over there, the (speaking in foreign language) Sellers, able to say the (speaking in foreign language) Schmuel, (speaking in foreign language) Yeah, I sold you a vineyard. It's called the vineyard property. There's no vines there. I sold you the acre farms. Okay, so it's half an acre, but it's known as acre farms, and that's fine. However, Hoch over here, (speaking in foreign language) The case was where you had two brothers, and therefore, (speaking in foreign language) There, they're splitting it. No one has a previous ownership over anything. And therefore, if the two of them are splitting it, it's very reasonable for the fellow who got the mansion to say, I just wanted the way it was when Dad was alive. And when Dad was alive, there wasn't a big wall in front of the windows. (speaking in foreign language) I wanted to live in it. I wanted to continue to live in (speaking in foreign language) The way that it was when Dad lived there. Amrule, however, (speaking in foreign language) Praetor of Christa, the two of them said to Ravashi that Ravhama, the Nahardian, as well as Schmuel, (speaking in foreign language) wouldn't agree with that. Nahardian, (speaking in foreign language) Going according to the reason we've heard elsewhere. (speaking in foreign language) So, (speaking in foreign language) If your brothers were splitting Dad's estate, you're gonna really assume that neither of them has any claims of what it was previously, unless they specifically speak that out. And we're gonna have a list of things now that one brother can't come afterwards and say, well, it's not the (speaking in foreign language) So, (speaking in foreign language) And here we have a few pictures. (speaking in foreign language) Zalza, this is picture in row 125. Let's say Dad had a field in the south and Dad had a field in the north. Now, when Dad was there, Dad walked through the northern field to get to the southern field, which is definitely easier if you're, let's say, living right here. However, unless it was specifically stated, whichever brother that the Darom field cannot walk through the Saphon field. Of course, if he split it and they said, yeah, I'm still gonna have that pathway through then for sure he was. (speaking in foreign language) Which is our case. What was the Hologna's? There are plenty of windows over here. The brother who got to the mansion is gonna say, oh, one second. I had a bunch of windows. Nope, you can't make those claims either. The Los Lomoys Zalza, which is picture 126. If you have a lower story, an upper story, they split it and one person takes the upper story. The upper story guy can't have a week later the stair, Acme's stair company come in and install a staircase. Can't do that. I suppose to get up there. Well, figure out how to get up there. I don't know, get up there. To the back, but he can't do that. (speaking in foreign language) If there is a waterway, he cannot have the Acme ditch diggers come in and dig a ditch to go through all the way to the field that he got. That he's Harubahen and be very careful with these laws. (speaking in foreign language) They're basically as set in stone as Hologas could be. So too over here, which again means get yourself a good Jewish towing or lawyer if you're going to split even with your siblings and make sure that everything is clear what rights you have and don't have. Okay? Rob didn't necessarily agree with this. Rob was not from Nahardah. He didn't have that Mahalith in there for Ravaamar. Yishlahen. No, it's only reasonable. If you're splitting it, you have a reasonable, and this has to be always dealt with in court if there's a Mahalakis. But whatever would it be considered reasonable that comes along with that property, there'd also be basic rights that would come along with it as well. (speaking in foreign language) Haushtara. This is the fourth hahu. We'll put a four in the margin. And yet, Ravaam is going to pipe up on this one also. Haushtara did ask me. It was a IOU. Yishseimim had it from the father. (speaking in foreign language) Father's dead. The Yishseimim have their star. And the one who owes the money apparently whoops out of a receipt. Says here, I paid Dad. I paid him back that loan. You have a loan document, says there were $1,000 to have a receipt. I paid back $1,000 to not pick a later from. What do we say over here? I'm Ravaam. I started Ravaam. Now the Yishseimim, like, I don't know, the eight-year-old and the 10-year-old. I don't know what happened. So says Ravaam. (speaking in foreign language) They're not able to collect with the document, the IOU document that they're holding because that guy has a receipt. However, on the other hand, Umicra Lake Karina Lake. Don't tear up that star just yet. Like hold onto it. And here's why. (speaking in foreign language) Enough of Tavra Lake because a person who apparently owes him the money has a receipt, which has recieved it already. I ask you this. Is that receipt valid or not? I don't know. What an eight or 10-year-old's supposed to know about that. However, keep the star. (speaking in foreign language) Don't tear up the IOU document late. (speaking in foreign language) When they grow up and they get a little bit more insightful, Dilma Mysu Raya Umarele. Maybe they'll be able to bring some sort of proof that the receipt is actually phony and therefore they really are owed the money. That's Revkama. (speaking in foreign language) (speaking in foreign language) We had four cases. Who do we possibly like in each one of the cases? We had Revkama on every one of them and then we had Bali plugged on each one. So who do we go like? Amalay says back Revkama. (speaking in foreign language) In all four of the cases, we possibly like Revkama. (speaking in foreign language) The exception of this last case, when it came to the receipt, rather, you know what we do to the assignment star? We tear it up. Don't save the star and worry about it 10 years. They just tear it up. Why? 'Cause what are you saying that we're gonna assume the guy who whipped out the receipt had phony witnesses sign on it? That we're not gonna assume. Well, that's been you. If we don't assume somebody has a document with phony signatures on it. (speaking in foreign language) To get witnesses, people. Bishakri to lie. (speaking in foreign language) And we're not gonna assume that. Kama. (speaking in foreign language) Well, actually, (speaking in foreign language) Even in the last case, we'll go like Revkama. And we'll tell the assignment, just hold on to that IOU document. (speaking in foreign language) Because there's a little bit of suspicion going on in this case. If it really was a good receipt, (speaking in foreign language) You know what should have happened? Well, how do you get the receipt? You must have paid it off, apparently, according to what he said. Then why is the document still in the possession of the one he borrowed the money from? Umi de Loyafke from the fact that he didn't, (speaking in foreign language) Could very well be, maybe not, but maybe yes, but maybe not, but maybe yes, that it could be forged. It's very rare that you have a party holding on to the receipt. And the other side is holding on to the start. The usual price is if you pay back, you get that start back and tear it up. Says the Mishnah. We have a joint ownership. Now we have a building, and there's 10 or 20 or 30 apartments in the building, and everyone has to contribute to certain things, and there's a focus on what they should contribute to, they should contribute to what they should contribute to. In those days, they don't think they went up, but they started to spread out, and they had like a hot sir, and the hot sir had a gateway, and do you want the gawking eyes of every person who walks by, and there's just a robin, looking right into that hot sir? Not necessarily. Do you have the right to build something, to block it? Yes, you do. You have the right to force people to have to pay for it. Yes, you do. Even if I live nice, you can actually force all of the members of a joint hot sir to build a bay shahr, the dell at the hot sir, to build some sort of gate house or a doorway, basically privacy or security. Here's the way he has a bay shahr. He has a hot sir inside, and a picture 130 is a bay shahr and a little dell at, which might be on the inside, or it might be over there. Roshim Gomlil, who we boxed right there. You can't say that for every hot sir. Some hot sirs, yes, some hot sirs. No, low cold hot sirs. Here's the bay shahr. You're going to tell me some little tiny hot sir, often on some back alley that has only two houses opening up into it, has to build this whole thing, maybe not. So we'll see what the sheer is of when it doesn't, doesn't. Second issue, Kreyfenai said live nicely here. Let's see, live in the city. Cities were dangerous. They had a wall, they were much safer. Do you have to contribute to the wall? Do I have to contribute to the wall while we live in the city? So Kreyfenai said live nicely here. Chaima, wall, dalsaimu viriyach, strong doors for the gateways, as well as a locking mechanism. Roshim Gomlil, who we boxed, says in the same way he did in the first case that, well, you know, there's cities and there are cities. Low kolayyara is ruyo is l'chaima. You can't say that every city is fitting for a wall. OK, what considers a person in the habit of the city? If I come to Ramaph Shammesh, I live in Burl Park. And I move here for, I don't know, the summer time. I rent a place for two months. Do I have to contribute to these things? I rent a bias in your hutter for six months. Let's see, I'm renting there for a year. Let's see, I'm renting there for five years. Let's say I bought there yesterday. What considers somebody a part of the city? Kamehhebihir vihaykanshe here. How long in general does a person have to be in the city? We was considered like a member of the city and therefore responsible for these things. You'd basically just 12 months. Kanehbihir, Kanehbihir, however, even if the first day he comes, he bought a property for himself. And now he lives there. Harehu Kansheir miyad, right away. Big difference between buying and renting. If you buy right away, if you're just renting after a year. OK, says the kumura. Does it sound like this is a good thing to have a Beishar? Certainly for security and for safety and for privacy. The member of the Beishar Malusahi, really, is it really universally viewed as good? Vaha, famous story. But Ahu Kansheir, there wasn't his fellow, he had a long payis and a Bechisha. Tafiragul Eliyahu, Eliyo Anavi, used to hang out with him. You know, they had a habrusa night. Maybe they learned time to be Eliyahu. Tafiragul Eliyahu, they went smooth with each other. Avad Beishar, so this cusset was involved in a scenario where they built a Beishar onto his cusser. Vesulloi Myshtaibihade, Eliyahu brakah. Broke off all relationship with this person. Now, seemingly, I have no idea how they knew this story or how they knew that the reason why the relationship was broken off between Eliyahu and this fellow is because he built a Beishar. But let's just take that as a given, which sounds like a Beishar, is not a good thing. Low Kansheiragulheir says is no difficulty and we're gonna have one, two, three, four different approaches as to why this is not difficult. So first, Hami Gavray, Hami Abrai. Where is the Beishar? Now, what's the basic concern about a Beishar? The basic concern about having a Beishar, which is the same concern about one of the security buildings where you have to buzz to get in, how would the onion going to come and be able to get the attention of the people inside when they need to? So, if there was no Beishar, it was just a regular engine where the onion could just walk right in. But now there's the Beishar. Well, where is this Beishar? The cusses case was me Gavray, it was on the inside. In other words, there was the wall and it had a door, knock on the door. So before there was a Beishar, everyone inside could hear. Now as a Beishar, you can't hear anymore. It basically chases away the poor people who need the residents help. Whereas Ha, the missionist case is me Gavray, where the Beishar is just like in picture 130 outside, so we can still walk in and knock on the doorway to get into the hot sir. If you buy a same, I squiggle it on the base, I'm a second approach. Hafahami Brai. No, both of the cases are where the Beishar was on the outside, Voloi Kasha. Ha'di Islay dellet, the cusset case, where Elio didn't come to him anymore, is because it was the main door. You see this space here? There was actually a door there. And therefore, you can't get through this door, or even if he knocks on this door, you won't hear him in the inside of the hot sir. Ha'dil Islay dellets. But the missionist case is where the Beishar does not have an outer door. It only has a door, inner, and therefore you can walk through and knock on it. Ibi isema, I squiggle it on this side by Ibi isema. Hafahadi Islay dellet, both of them have a door. Voloi Kasha. A door is wonderful. Even for people who need to come in, as long as they can get in. So they have a door knob to be able to get in. They have a door handle. Voloi Kasha ha'di Islay Poisechas. The missionist case, it has a door knob. So if there's not any there, he opens it up and walks in and then knocks on the door of the hot sir. Ha'di Nakhas dellet, they Poisechas. There was no ability to open it. Ibi isema, I squiggle it on me by the same, on the fourth and the final approach. Hafahadi Islay Poisechas. No, both of them had a door. Voloi Kasha, the Chasad, where Elio got upset, so to speak, and continue that kavruzrshath. Ha'di Poisechas dellet, Mika Vai. So it was on the inside. So essentially, Anim were not able to answer. Ha'di Poisechas dellet was actually the Aberai from the outside, where they were able to. So the Mishnah, Krivana said that in a nice base, Shah Vidal is the Khatsar. So if a person lives in a Khatsar, they could force him to have to pay up to contribute to a base Shahor and a door. Tanya, now we saw Shrimun Leel, he came in the Mishnah and said, well not every Khatsar is the same, it depends. Well, in this Bryce, we'll see what it depends on. So, Rashrimun Leel Leel, the Bryce that goes from about two and a half lines starts here. He says, "Low Khatsar, Srurya, is the base Shahor." Not every Khatsar is fitting to have something like this built onto it. Allah, it's got to be a Khatsar, Srurya, Srurya. It's got to be a Khatsar that opens up directly to the public thoroughfare. That is Uyul Beishar. However, Shayna, Srurya, Srurya, if it doesn't open up to a public thoroughfare, then there's really not much reason to have one of these. I mean, it might be nice for security, but that's very expensive just to open up to the regular street. Ainur Uyul Beishar, that's Rashrimun Leel. The Rabbanan, why would the Rabbanan say that you could force somebody to build a base Shahor even though it doesn't open up to the Rabban? Well, Zimni did not keep me in a Rashusar Rabban. I love us. Even though it doesn't open up to regular Shusar Rabban, sometimes unless they'll have a Haafkana. They don't want to have Giyus. So they'll have Haafkana, a very quiet side street. And suddenly, the quiet side street becomes Rashusar Rabban and all people walking by. And that's the Rabbanan's reasoning. The Misha said, "I live nicely here." The Misha continued and talked about the requirement of inhabitants of a city to contribute to the fund to build the walls of the city and the security of the city. The, I believe it would take out the parentheses and just read directly as Tanya, Abreisa. Rashrimun Leel Eimer. Rashrimun Leel, boy underline. Breisa goes for about two lines. He says, "Local IRS reduce La Chaima." We saw this in the mission already. He says, "One second." Some cities, yeah, some cities. No, not every city should have a wall built around. I'll let Iris Mukherl the software if it's a border city, which, boy, do we feel this these days, that big difference between me. They have enemies or people who wanna do bad to you if you're right on the border or you're not on the border. Ruyu Lehoma should have a wall. They should also have armed every male citizen. This crazy, I'm just coming as an American, but this crazy law that we have to keep guns out of the hands of just about everyone. Did you realize that if every one of those Yishuvim that had people there, people were armed, it would have been a totally different result. Janus Mukherl the software, if it's not close to the border, Ener Ruyu Lehoma doesn't need a wall. Virabbanan, what do you want to say to that? Well, they would tell you, Zimn and de Mikru, the Asu Geisa. Sometimes you'll have an invading army that not only comes over the border, but also makes it a little bit further in. Here's a great question. Tax collection. Do the rich have to pay their fair share? Or everyone pays equally. Now, it sort of depends on what the collection is for, but this is for the security of, let's say you have a city and the city has 1,000 people in it. And you need to collect for the walls and for the washmen. (piano music) Let me up, tell me here. Okay. Okay. If you have a situation where you're collecting for the security of the city, is it just each person pays an equal amount? (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) So each person will collect a hundred dollars from? (speaks in foreign language) But one second. This guy's worth a million dollars. Has a huge business. The other fellow is worth $10,000. He's a Malami. So they're gonna pay the same amount? Maybe, maybe, maybe no. So Amarle answers back. (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) It depends also on how much now. For sure, everyone's gonna have to pay. But if someone has a lot more, why do invading armies or gangs come in? They want to kill sometimes, but they also want to take the money. And therefore, it's more valuable to the person who has more to lose, that Elazar Beni and my son Elazar says, (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) My son, Elazar, you should literally like bang nails into it. Sort of like Jesus' arm in his own legs. Like stick it up there. And in other words, it's a good approach that the wealthy people will have to pay a more significant contribution towards the security of the city. (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) Here's another issue. (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) You have this a lot of times in cities in America, probably even have this in the arts as well. Cities in America, you have a really bad neighborhood, and then it changes. Then those first few blocks are still a little bit dangerous as the gangsters or the criminals will still look in that area, and then you go a few more blocks or even a little bit more, and it becomes a beautiful neighborhood. So is it the closeness to the potential danger that they would collect from, as well as the schrock moment, or only for the schrock moment? No, it only we're gonna take into account the financial status of each individual. Amrlei, so it answers, (speaks in foreign language) (speaks in foreign language) Depends how close to the potential danger they are. Also, they take that into account. Velozar Beni, and Velozar My Son? Kava Bama Smart Race. You should bang nails into this one, in other words, something set and clear, and we have to establish this as the understood principle. Period.com.